Gemara Clarity

Chullin 116a

חולין קט״ז ע״א

Learn Chullin 116a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Chullin 116a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Refuting the קל וחומר for בשר בחלב, benefit from בשר בחלב, and whether wild animals and birds are included

Overview

The גמרא is defending a קל וחומר that בשר בחלב is forbidden for benefit, learned from things like כלאי הכרם. First it sets rules for how strong a refutation (פירכא) must be, depending on whether the proof comes from one, two or three sources. Next it asks whether כלאי הכרם are different because they were never permitted. רב אדא בר אהבה answers that even the original seed becomes forbidden, and it was permitted before it took root. A משנה about a perforated pot seems to disagree, and אביי resolves it with two words in the פסוק. The גמרא then notes that רבי שמעון disagrees with our משנה and permits benefit from בשר בחלב, learning from טריפה. It goes on to explain רבי עקיבא's and רבי יוסי הגלילי's views on wild animals and birds with milk. A ברייתא and a story about לוי show that some towns ate bird with milk. Finally a new משנה begins about using an animal's stomach (קיבה) to make cheese. Its ruling continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

חֲדָא מֵחֲדָא

When learning one from one,

קוּלָּא וְחוּמְרָא פָּרְכִינַן,

we refute with a leniency and a stringency;

כֹּל דְּהוּ לָא פָּרְכִינַן,

we do not refute with just any difference.

חֲדָא מִתַּרְתֵּי

When learning one from two,

The steps (17)

  1. StatementHow strong a refutation must be: one source vs. two sources
  2. StatementHow strong a refutation must be: one source vs. three sources
  3. ChallengeNew objection: כלאי הכרם were never permitted
  4. Resolutionרב אדא בר אהבה: the original seed is forbidden too, and it was once permitted
  5. ChallengeChallenge from the perforated pot carried through a vineyard
  6. Resolutionאביי: Two words in the פסוק, two different cases
  7. StatementOur משנה does not follow רבי שמעון, who permits benefit from בשר בחלב
  8. Challengeרבי עקיבא's three verses were already used by שמואל
  9. Resolutionרבי עקיבא doesn't need the verses for שמואל's teachings
  10. QuestionHow does רבי יוסי הגלילי differ from רבי עקיבא?
  11. ResponseThe difference is a wild animal
  12. ResponseA second answer: they differ about bird meat
  13. ProofA ברייתא shows that רבי יוסי הגלילי's town ate bird with milk
  14. Challengeלוי is served peacock in milk, and רבי asks why he was silent
  15. Resolutionלוי explains: the town may follow רבי יוסי הגלילי
  16. StatementThe stomach of a non-Jew's animal or a carcass is forbidden
  17. StatementSetting up the case of curdling with a kosher stomach's skin