Gemara Clarity

Chullin 26a

חולין כ״ו ע״א

Learn Chullin 26a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Chullin 26a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

תֶּמֶד (watery grape-residue drink): when it counts as real produce, for buying with כסף מעשר שני and for tithing

Overview

The גמרא finishes explaining that the argument between רבי יהודה and the חכמים about תמד is only once it has fermented, and that our משנה follows רבי יהודה. רב נחמן then quotes רבה בר אבוה: if תמד was bought with כסף מעשר and later fermented, the purchase works, because it turns out it was produce all along. The גמרא challenges this from the משנה, which flatly says unfermented תמד cannot be bought, even though it might have fermented later. רבה answers that the משנה means a case where a sample kept in a cup never fermented. רבא answers differently: the משנה follows רבי יוחנן בן נורי, who in a משנה about a מקוה judges a liquid by how it looks right now, and unfermented תמד looks and tastes like water. The גמרא then notes that רבי אלעזר disagrees with רב נחמן. He holds the argument is about unfermented תמד, and even רבי יהודה only requires tithing it from itself, so that one will not tithe between obligated and exempt produce. Finally, a new ברייתא about תמד before it ferments begins, and it continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

בְּשֶׁהֶחְמִיץ מַחְלוֹקֶת,

When it fermented, there is a dispute,

וּמַתְנִיתִין רַבִּי יְהוּדָה.

and our Mishnah follows Rabbi Yehuda.

וְכֵן אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי חֲנִינָא:

And likewise Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, said:

בְּשֶׁהֶחְמִיץ מַחְלוֹקֶת.

When it fermented, there is a dispute.

The steps (14)

  1. StatementThe dispute is only once the תמד has fermented
  2. ProofAnother Sage says the same thing
  3. Statementתמד that fermented after it was bought counts as a good purchase
  4. ChallengeChallenge: maybe the unfermented תמד would have fermented later
  5. Resolutionרבה: the משנה means some was kept in a cup and never fermented
  6. Resolutionרבא: the משנה follows רבי יוחנן בן נורי
  7. ProofThe משנה in מקואות about wine-colored water
  8. ProofThe milk case in the מקוה משנה
  9. Proofרבי יוחנן בן נורי: everything follows the appearance
  10. Resolutionרבא applies the appearance rule to unfermented תמד
  11. Statementרבי אלעזר disagrees with רב נחמן
  12. Statementרבי אלעזר places the argument on unfermented תמד
  13. Statementרבי יהודה requires tithing only from the same תמד
  14. StatementA new ברייתא about תמד before it ferments