Gemara Clarity

Chullin 26b

חולין כ״ו ע״ב

Learn Chullin 26b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Chullin 26b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Purifying תמד through השקה, then three משניות of pairs that never overlap: מכר and קנס, מיאון and חליצה, and the שופר blast and הבדלה

Overview

This amud finishes a set of short rules and closes the first פרק of חולין. It opens with תמד, a weak drink made by soaking grape residue in water: before it ferments, it can be purified through השקה, touching the water of a מקוה. רבא limits this to water that was pure at first, but רב גביהה shows that the water and residue are mixed in both cases, so השקה works either way. Next come three short משניות, each with a pair of things that never happen together. The first is a father's right to sell his daughter (מכר) and the קנס fine. The second is מיאון and חליצה. For both of these pairs, רב says the משנה is only רבי מאיר's view, and חכמים let the two overlap. The third pair is the שופר blast before a holy day and הבדלה. The גמרא explains how the שופר is blown on a Friday יום טוב and where the special הבדלה wording 'בין קודש לקודש' is said. It rules against רב ששת בריה דרב אידי and against רבי דוסא, and רבי זירא explains why הבדלה lists the full set of distinctions even after a weekday יום טוב.

Opening lines

מַשִּׁיקוֹ בַּמַּיִם,

one brings it into contact with water,

מִשֶּׁהֶחְמִיץ – אֵין מַשִּׁיקוֹ בְּמַיִם.

once it has fermented, one does not bring it into contact with water.

אָמַר רָבָא:

Rava said:

לֹא שָׁנוּ אֶלָּא שֶׁתִּמְּדוֹ

They taught this only where one made the temed

The steps (33)

  1. StatementUnfermented תמד can be purified by touching מקוה water
  2. Statementרבא limits the rule to water that became impure later
  3. Challengeרב גביהה challenges רבא's distinction before רב אשי
  4. ConclusionThe water and residue are mixed, so השקה works in both cases
  5. StatementNew משנה: sale and fine never go together
  6. Statementרב says the משנה follows only רבי מאיר
  7. ProofThe ברייתא lays out רבי מאיר's stages
  8. Proofחכמים give קנס from age three
  9. ChallengeDo חכמים mean she cannot be sold?
  10. ResolutionRead it as קנס even during מכר
  11. StatementNew משנה: מיאון and חליצה never apply together
  12. Statementרב says the rule about refusal and release follows only רבי מאיר
  13. ProofA ברייתא shows the two opinions on how long a girl may refuse
  14. StatementNew משנה: שופר blasts and הבדלה never happen together
  15. StatementThe two cases: יום טוב on Friday or right after שבת
  16. StatementThe wording of הבדלה when שבת leads into יום טוב
  17. Statementרבי דוסא's wording: greater holiness and lesser holiness
  18. QuestionHow is the שופר blown on a Friday יום טוב?
  19. Responseרב יהודה: the תרועה comes out of the תקיעה
  20. Responseרב אסי: תקיעה and תרועה in one breath
  21. ChallengeA ברייתא seems to say there is no תרועה at all
  22. Resolutionרב יהודה reads the ברייתא his own way
  23. Resolutionרב אסי reads the ברייתא his own way
  24. QuestionWhere in הבדלה is the special ending said?
  25. Responseרב יהודה and רב נחמן: only at the closing line
  26. Responseרב ששת בריה דרב אידי: also at the opening
  27. ConclusionThe הלכה does not follow רב ששת בריה דרב אידי
  28. Statementרבי דוסא's wording: greater holiness and lesser holiness
  29. ConclusionThe הלכה does not follow רבי דוסא
  30. Statementרבי זירא: the full list of distinctions even after a weekday יום טוב
  31. QuestionWhy mention the seventh day?
  32. ResponseHe is listing the set of distinctions
  33. ConclusionHadran — Closing פרק הכל שוחטין