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Chullin 82b

חולין פ״ב ע״ב

Learn Chullin 82b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The plural ״לֹא תִשְׁחֲטוּ״, and whether סומכוס gives double punishment for one act with one warning

Overview

The amud opens by defending a lesson from the plural word ״לֹא תִשְׁחֲטוּ״ in the פסוק of אותו ואת בנו. Since the תורה could have written ״לֹא תִשְׁחוֹט״ or ״לֹא יִשְׁחֲטוּ״, the chosen wording teaches two lessons at once. Next, אביי asks רב יוסף why סומכוס gives eighty lashes to one who slaughters a mother, its granddaughter, and then the daughter. רב יוסף answers that סומכוס holds a general rule: two כזיתים of חלב eaten in one העלם bring two חטאות. The גמרא tries to prove this from a ברייתא about one who sows כלאים כלאים. That proof is rejected, because the ברייתא can follow the רבנן and teach that there are two kinds of כלאים, against רבי יאשיה. A second proof comes from the משנה about eating from both גיד הנשה nerves. That proof is also rejected: the משנה can be about separate acts following the רבנן, with another tradition that רבי יהודה holds התראת ספק counts as a warning. The source for that tradition, a ברייתא about נותר of the קרבן פסח, begins at the end of the amud and continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

הַאי מִיבְּעֵי לֵיהּ לְגוּפֵיהּ?

Isn't this needed for itself?

אִם כֵּן, לִיכְתּוֹב ״לֹא תִשְׁחוֹט״,

If so, let it write "you shall not slaughter" (singular),

מַאי ״לֹא תִשְׁחֲטוּ״?

Why does it say "you shall not slaughter" (plural)?

וְאַכַּתִּי מִיבְּעֵי לֵיהּ,

But it is still needed,

The steps (26)

  1. ChallengeIsn't this verse needed for the basic prohibition?
  2. ResolutionThe plural form is extra
  3. ChallengeThe plural is needed to include two people
  4. Resolution"They shall not be slaughtered" would have covered two people
  5. ConclusionLearn two lessons from it
  6. Questionאביי asks for the reason behind סומכוס's eighty lashes
  7. QuestionFirst option: a general rule of double liability
  8. ResolutionWhy the משנה chose this case if the rule is general
  9. QuestionSecond option: separate bodies make the difference
  10. Responseרב יוסף: סומכוס holds the general rule
  11. ProofThe source: one who sows diverse kinds twice is lashed
  12. QuestionWhat does 'is lashed' mean here?
  13. ResponseHe gets two sets of lashes
  14. QuestionWas it two separate acts with two warnings?
  15. ResponseIt was at the same time with one warning
  16. QuestionWhose view is this? Not the רבנן
  17. ProofSo it must follow סומכוס
  18. RejectionNo: it can follow the רבנן, and teaches two kinds of כלאים
  19. ResolutionThe extra teaching argues with רבי יאשיה
  20. ProofA new source: eating from both גיד הנשה nerves
  21. QuestionIt cannot be two separate acts with two warnings
  22. ProofProof: רבי יהודה and the man unsure who his father is
  23. ResponseThe case is eating both at once with one warning
  24. ProofThe first opinion in the משנה must be סומכוס
  25. RejectionNo: one after the other, following the רבנן and another view of רבי יהודה
  26. ProofSource for the view that התראת ספק counts: the נותר of the קרבן פסח