Eruvin 32b

עירובין ל״ב ע״ב

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Topic

The end of the מחלוקת between רבי and רבן שמעון בן גמליאל about trusting a חבר to tithe, followed by the new משנה about placing an עירוב תחומין in a tree or a pit, and the opening question of the גמרא about where that tree stands.

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a ברייתא about a חבר who asked an עם הארץ to pick figs for him. רבי says a second חבר who overheard may eat the figs without tithing, and רבן שמעון בן גמליאל says he must tithe first. The גמרא explains the root of their disagreement: would a חבר do a small איסור himself to stop an עם הארץ from doing a big one? A new משנה then teaches that an עירוב placed in a tree is valid below ten טפחים but not above, and an עירוב in a pit is valid at any depth. The אמוראים ask where the tree stands, and they reject both a רשות היחיד and the simple versions of a רשות הרבים. They conclude that the tree stands in a רשות הרבים, the person rests below, and the משנה follows רבי, who holds that a rabbinic שבות does not apply during בין השמשות. רב נחמן confirms this in the name of שמואל, who adds that the tree is ten טפחים high and four wide. רבא limits the rule to a tree outside the city's outskirts, and the גמרא challenges him from his own four-אמות rule. רב יצחק בריה דרב משרשיא begins to answer that the tree leans out beyond four אמות, and his answer continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (20)

1. Statementרבי says the second חבר may eat without tithing
2. Statementרבן שמעון בן גמליאל requires tithing first
3. Rejectionרבי answers that a minor flaw is better than feeding טבל
4. QuestionWhat is the root of their disagreement?
5. ResponseSmall sin for me or big sin for him
6. Statementמשנה: an עירוב placed in a tree
7. Statementמשנה: an עירוב placed in a deep pit
8. QuestionThe scholars ask where the tree stands
9. ChallengeIn a private domain, height should not matter
10. ChallengeIf the tree is in the public domain, where does he intend to stay?
11. ChallengeIf he stays below, he would have to use the tree
12. ResolutionHe rests below, and the משנה follows רבי on twilight
13. Proofרב נחמן approves and cites שמואל
14. QuestionDid you really go so far in explaining it?
15. ChallengeWhy be surprised if they explained it the same way?
16. ResolutionThey asked whether it was fixed in their learning
17. Proofשמואל's statement was explicitly recorded
18. Statementרבא limits the law to trees outside the city outskirts
19. Challengeרבא's own four-cubits rule should make height irrelevant everywhere
20. ResolutionThe case is a tree leaning beyond four cubits