Eruvin 81b

עירובין פ״א ע״ב

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Topic

Acquiring food for an עירוב with money, the four special times of the year, and the rule that the הלכה follows רבי יהודה in עירובין

Overview

This amud finishes the משנה about giving money to a grocer or baker to buy food for an עירוב. The חכמים agree that money given to any other person works, and רבי יהודה adds that an עירוב חצירות may be made even without a person's knowledge, because זכין לאדם שלא בפניו. The גמרא asks how רבי אליעזר can let money acquire without משיכה. It answers that he modeled this on the four special times of the year, when a butcher can be forced to slaughter for a customer who only paid. Two explanations of that butcher משנה follow. רבי שמואל בר יצחק says a third person acquired the meat for the buyer, which works only when it benefits him. רב אילא, in the name of רבי יוחנן, says that on those days the חכמים let the Torah rule stand, that money acquires. The גמרא then explains that 'all other people' means a בעל הבית. שמואל also limits the חכמים' ruling to a baker, to a coin, and to the words 'זכה לי'. Finally, שמואל rules that the הלכה follows רבי יהודה in עירובין, but not in laws of מחיצות. רב אחא asks why a ruling is needed if רבי יהודה only explains the חכמים, and the גמרא begins a new answer that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (26)

1. StatementThe חכמים agree that with anyone else the money works
2. Statementרבי יהודה limits the consent rule to עירובי תחומין
3. QuestionHow can money work when the buyer never pulled the food?
4. Responseרבי אליעזר treated it like the four special times of the year
5. ProofThe משנה about forcing the butcher to slaughter
6. ProofThe משנה continues: if the ox dies, the buyer loses
7. ChallengeWhy should the buyer lose if he never pulled the ox?
8. Resolutionרב הונא: the buyer did pull the ox
9. ChallengeThe משנה's second half disproves רב הונא
10. Resolutionרבי שמואל בר יצחק: someone else acquired it for the buyer
11. ResolutionA benefit can be given without the buyer present, a burden cannot
12. Resolutionרב אילא: At the four times the חכמים followed Torah law
13. StatementBy Torah law money acquires; pulling is a rabbinic decree
14. QuestionWho are 'all other people' in the משנה?
15. Responseרב: It means a homeowner
16. Proofשמואל agrees: only a baker is excluded
17. Statementשמואל: The rule is only about a coin, not a utensil
18. Statementשמואל's third limit: 'acquire for me' versus 'make an עירוב for me'
19. StatementThe הלכה follows רבי יהודה in all matters of עירובין
20. QuestionDoes the rule include an alleyway whose beam or side post was removed?
21. ResponseThe rule covers עירובין, not מחיצות
22. ChallengeWhy say 'the הלכה follows' if there is no dispute?
23. ChallengeDo they really not argue? A משנה requires informing
24. ResolutionThat משנה is about a courtyard between two alleyways
25. Challengeרב חסדא says his colleagues do disagree
26. ResolutionDropping the failed answer and preparing a new one