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Eruvin 91a

עירובין צ״א ע״א

Learn Eruvin 91a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Carrying among roofs, courtyards, and enclosures on שבת: the views of רבי מאיר, חכמים, and רבי שמעון, the supporting ברייתות, and whether the הלכה follows רבי שמעון with or without an עירוב

Overview

This amud finishes רב יהודה's summary of the משנה's three opinions. For רבי מאיר, roofs, courtyards, and enclosures are each separate domains. For חכמים, roofs and courtyards are one domain and enclosures are another. For רבי שמעון, all of them are one domain. The גמרא brings a ברייתא supporting רב's reading that חכמים allow only four אמות on each roof. It then brings רבי's story about רבי שמעון in תקוע, which supports רב יהודה. A second story, from רבי יהודה, about carrying a ספר תורה during persecution is rejected, because a time of danger proves nothing. On the הלכה, רב follows רבי שמעון only when no עירוב was made, because of a protective decree. שמואל and רבי יוחנן follow רבי שמעון in every case. רב חסדא's challenge to them is answered: רבי שמעון does not make such decrees, as his three-courtyard case shows. Finally, רב ששת challenges רב from the wording of the משנה and answers himself: a hat or shawl worn into the courtyard is a house vessel found there even without an עירוב.

Opening lines

קַרְפֵּיפוֹת רְשׁוּת לְעַצְמָן.

Enclosures are a domain of their own.

לְדִבְרֵי חֲכָמִים: גַּגִּין וַחֲצֵירוֹת רְשׁוּת אַחַת,

According to the Sages: roofs and courtyards are one domain,

קַרְפֵּיפוֹת רְשׁוּת אַחַת הֵן.

enclosures are one domain.

לְדִבְרֵי רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן: כּוּלָּן רְשׁוּת אַחַת הֵן.

According to Rabbi Shimon: all of them are one domain.

The steps (18)

  1. StatementEnd of רב יהודה's three-way breakdown of the dispute
  2. ProofAnnouncing support for both רב and רב יהודה
  3. ProofA ברייתא supporting רב: under חכמים each roof is its own domain
  4. ProofA ברייתא supporting רב יהודה: רבי's story about רבי שמעון in תקוע
  5. Proofרבי יהודה's story of carrying a ספר תורה in a time of danger
  6. RejectionA time of danger proves nothing
  7. StatementQuoting רבי שמעון's view in the משנה
  8. Statementרב rules like רבי שמעון only without an עירוב
  9. Statementשמואל rules like רבי שמעון in every case
  10. Statementרבי יוחנן sides with שמואל
  11. Challengeרב חסדא: two vessels in one courtyard, one allowed and one forbidden
  12. Resolutionרבי שמעון does not make protective decrees
  13. Proofרבי שמעון's case of three courtyards
  14. ResolutionApplying the three-courtyard case to house vessels
  15. Challengeרב ששת quotes רבי שמעון on vessels from the house
  16. ChallengeHouse vessels in the courtyard point to an עירוב
  17. ChallengeWithout an עירוב, how could house vessels reach the courtyard
  18. Resolutionרב ששת answers himself: a hat or a shawl