Eruvin 92a

עירובין צ״ב ע״א

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Topic

רבי יוחנן and רבי שמעון on courtyards, a חורבה between two courtyards, and the משנה of a large area opening into a small one

Overview

The גמרא first challenges רבי יוחנן's ruling that the הלכה follows רבי שמעון, who treats courtyards as one domain. The challenge comes from a סתם משנה that forbids bringing fruit 'down' from a wall between two courtyards. The גמרא answers that 'down' means into the houses. It then dismisses רבי חייא's stricter ברייתא, since רבי did not teach that in the משנה. Next, רב הונא and חייא בר רב argue about a חורבה between two courtyards when only one courtyard made an עירוב. The key point in that argument is that utensils are kept in a courtyard but not in a ruin. A new משנה follows: when a large roof or courtyard opens into a small one, the large one is permitted and the small one is forbidden. רב and שמואל each explain why the משנה teaches both cases. Finally, the sages learn from the משנה that residents of the large courtyard count in the small one but not the reverse. They begin illustrating this with vines and כלאים, and that illustration continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (17)

1. ChallengeChallenging רבי יוחנן from the משנה about fruit on a wall
2. ResolutionDown means down into the houses
3. Challengeרבי חייא's ברייתא forbids even eating in one's own courtyard
4. Resolutionרבי חייא cannot add what רבי did not teach
5. Statementרב הונא on a ruin between two courtyards
6. Statementחייא בר רב: the ruin belongs to both courtyards, so both are forbidden
7. ProofProof: a courtyard without an עירוב is never given to one with an עירוב
8. RejectionRejection: house utensils are kept in a courtyard but not in a ruin
9. StatementSecond version: חייא בר רב says both courtyards are permitted
10. ChallengePossible challenge: a courtyard without an עירוב is not given to a courtyard with one
11. ResolutionAnswer: the Sages forbade courtyards only because house utensils are kept there
12. StatementNew משנה: a large roof or courtyard next to a small one
13. QuestionWhy does the משנה teach the same rule twice?
14. ResponseAccording to רב, a roof's walls must be visible like a courtyard's
15. ResponseAccording to שמואל, the roof is one where many people walk, like a courtyard
16. StatementThe sages infer that residents of the large courtyard count in the small one, but not the reverse
17. StatementExample: vines in the large courtyard forbid sowing in the small one