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Eruvin 93b

עירובין צ״ג ע״ב

Learn Eruvin 93b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Eruvin 93b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Whether a five-טפחים embankment (גידוד) and a five-טפחים partition (מחיצה) combine to make a ten-טפחים separation, and how this affects עירוב between two courtyards at different heights.

Overview

רב חסדא rules that five טפחים of embankment (גידוד) and five טפחים of wall (מחיצה) do not combine into a ten-טפחים barrier. The גמרא challenges him from a ברייתא about an upper and a lower courtyard, and defends him by explaining the ברייתא's cases one step at a time: the barrier looks like a full wall from below, the upper courtyard had side walls that make the gap a doorway, and the lower courtyard was open along its whole width. In the end the סיפא is read as speaking only about the lower courtyard. Then מרימר teaches the opposite ruling: embankment and partition do combine. רב אחא has no tradition against this, and the גמרא rules like מרימר. Next, רב הושעיא asks whether residents who join a courtyard on שבת itself forbid carrying there. רב חסדא tries to prove that they do from the משנה of a large courtyard breached into a small one. רבה and אביי reject the proof, because of the rule that once שבת began permitted, it stays permitted. Finally, the גמרא brings a dispute about a wall between two courtyards that fell on שבת: רב allows carrying only within four אמות, and שמואל's view begins here and continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

גִּידּוּד חֲמִשָּׁה וּמְחִיצָה חֲמִשָּׁה —

An embankment of five handbreadths and a partition of five

אֵין מִצְטָרְפִין

do not combine

עַד שֶׁיְּהֵא אוֹ כּוּלּוֹ בְּגִידּוּד

unless it is either entirely embankment

אוֹ כּוּלּוֹ בִּמְחִיצָה.

or entirely partition.

The steps (19)

  1. StatementEmbankment and partition do not combine
  2. ChallengeA ברייתא about two courtyards at different heights
  3. Resolutionרב חסדא agrees from the lower courtyard's view
  4. ChallengeThen the upper courtyard could make no עירוב at all
  5. ResolutionThe upper courtyard had full walls on its sides
  6. ChallengeThe end of the ברייתא does not fit the doorway explanation
  7. ResolutionThe lower courtyard was open along its whole width
  8. ChallengeThen only the lower courtyard should be limited
  9. ResolutionThe ruling of the סיפא refers only to the lower courtyard
  10. Statementמרימר: Five of Embankment Plus Five of Partition Combine
  11. Questionרבינא Asks רב אחא Whether He Learned Anything About This Partition
  12. Responseרב אחא Answers That He Has No Tradition
  13. ConclusionThe Final Ruling: Embankment and Partition Combine
  14. QuestionDo Residents Who Arrive on שבת Forbid Carrying?
  15. Proofרב חסדא's Proof from the Large and Small Courtyard
  16. Rejectionרבה: Maybe the Breach Happened Before שבת
  17. Rejectionאביי: Not 'Maybe', but Certainly Before שבת
  18. Proofאביי's Proof: Once שבת Was Permitted, It Stays Permitted
  19. Statementרב's ruling on a wall that collapsed on Shabbat