Gittin 86b

גיטין פ״ו ע״ב

Learn Gittin 86b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Flawed גיטין: what happens after the fact, the הלכה like רבי אלעזר, and גיטין for several couples

Overview

Our משנה lists flawed גיטין, such as one signed by only one witness. רב says a single-witness גט leaves the child כשר only if the husband wrote it himself. שמואל says even a סופר's handwriting is enough, and each answers the other's proof from a later משנה. רב rules that a woman who remarried with one of these flawed גיטין stays with her second husband only if she has children. The גמרא defends this against a challenge from יבמות by explaining that the flaw is only a rabbinic concern. לוי and רבי יוחנן say she never has to leave, and along the way the גמרא discusses whether a קרצית disqualifies מי חטאת. Many reports then confirm that the הלכה follows רבי אלעזר, who validates a גט handed over before witnesses. A new משנה follows about mixed-up identical גיטין and about one גט written for five couples. The גמרא debates whether that משנה fits רבי אלעזר, and then defines a shared wording versus separate formulas. רבי יוחנן's answer is given, and ריש לקיש's answer begins on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (50)

1. Statementרב limits the case to the husband's own handwriting
2. Statementשמואל includes a scribe's handwriting too
3. Proofשמואל's proof from another משנה
4. Rejectionרב: the two משניות are not comparable
5. Resolutionשמואל: expert scribe versus non-expert scribe
6. Statementרבי יוחנן agrees: the case is the husband's handwriting
7. Challengeרבי אלעזר asks: that case already has witnesses
8. Resolutionרבי יוחנן: I meant the last clause
9. ChallengeTwo opposite rulings from רב
10. ResolutionIt depends on whether she has children
11. Challengeמר זוטרא בר טוביה begins an objection from יבמות
12. StatementDefining a doubtful betrothal
13. StatementDefining a doubtful divorce: the three flawed גיטין
14. ChallengeIf she stays married, her co-wife will do יבום
15. ResolutionThe co-wife may do יבום, because the concern is only rabbinic
16. Statementלוי and רבי יוחנן: she never has to leave
17. Proofרבי יוחנן quotes רבי חלפתא's two teachings
18. QuestionWhat is a קרצית?
19. Responseאביי: a fly found between the sheaves
20. Challengeרב דניאל quotes a משנה: only the pigeon is excluded
21. ChallengeThen the משנה should have listed the קרצית too
22. ResolutionWhy the קרצית Is Not Listed: Big and Small Differ
23. QuestionHow Small Counts as Small?
24. ResponseUp to the Size of an Olive
25. Statementרב Rules Like רבי אלעזר for גיטין
26. Statementשמואל: Also for Money Documents
27. ChallengeBut רבי אלעזר Spoke About Collecting Money
28. ResolutionTwo Rulings: רב Takes One
29. Statementרבי יהושע בן לוי also rules like רבי אלעזר for a גט
30. Statementרבי ינאי says it doesn't even have the scent of a גט
31. ChallengeDoes רבי ינאי reject רבי אלעזר?
32. Resolutionרבי ינאי was speaking according to the רבנן
33. Statementריש לקיש also rules like רבי אלעזר for a גט
34. Statementרבי יוחנן says it doesn't even have the scent of a גט
35. ChallengeDoes רבי יוחנן reject רבי אלעזר?
36. Resolutionרבי יוחנן was also speaking according to the רבנן
37. QuestionA question is sent to רב הונא
38. Responseרב הונא dies, and his son רבה answers
39. ProofThe tradition is traced back to רב
40. StatementA second version of the chain from רב
41. Proofרבין brings the same ruling from ארץ ישראל
42. StatementTwo identical גיטין that got mixed up
43. StatementFive husbands share one גט with a single formula
44. StatementSeparate formulas for each couple: only the one next to the witnesses works
45. QuestionWhich תנא taught the mixed-up גיטין rule?
46. Responseרבי ירמיה: the משנה does not follow רבי אלעזר
47. Responseאביי: The משנה Can Follow רבי אלעזר After All
48. QuestionWhat Exactly Are a 'General Wording' and a 'Formula'?
49. Responseרבי יוחנן: It Depends on the Date
50. Responseריש לקיש Begins His Own Definition