Kereisos 11a

כריתות י״א ע״א

Keritot 11a

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Topic

שפחה חרופה: who she is, how her lashes and the man's אשם are linked, and how her laws differ from other עריות

Overview

This amud finishes the משנה about שפחה חרופה, a maidservant designated for a man, and records a מחלוקת about who exactly she is. The גמרא learns from the words בקורת תהיה that only she gets lashes, and רבי יצחק and רב אשי explain why בקורת means lashes. רבא shows from the order of the פסוק that the man brings his אשם only when she is lashed, and the word 'אשמו' shows that only he brings it. רבי יצחק adds that the man is liable only if she was not a virgin, learning from the word נחרפת. רב חסדא ties this law to the כהנים in עזרא who brought a ram as an אשם. A ברייתא then lays out four views of who she is: רבי עקיבא, רבי ישמעאל, רבי אלעזר בן עזריה and אחרים. The גמרא explains the source behind each view. A new משנה teaches that in all עריות each partner is judged separately, and רב יהודה explains that with a שפחה חרופה, if one partner is exempt, both are exempt. Finally רב ששת challenges a ברייתא that treats four pairs of cases as equal, and that discussion continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (45)

1. StatementThe deliberate sinner is treated like the accidental one
2. Statementרבי יהודה: she is half-maidservant, half-free
3. Statementרבי ישמעאל: she is a full maidservant
4. Statementרבי אליעזר בן יעקב: the only case left is the half-free maidservant
5. QuestionHow do we know only she gets lashes?
6. ResponseThe ברייתא learns it from 'בקורת תהיה'
7. QuestionWhy does 'בקורת' mean lashes?
8. Responseרבי יצחק: 'בקורת' points to the reading of פסוקים
9. Responseרב אשי: 'בקורת' points to the assessment before lashes
10. StatementThe man's offering depends on the woman's lashes
11. QuestionAsking for the source of the link
12. Responseרבא quotes the פסוק of שפחה חרופה
13. QuestionWhy does the פסוק put the lashes before the offering?
14. ResponseHis offering depends on her lashes
15. ChallengeMaybe the woman also brings an offering
16. Resolution'His' offering means only he brings it
17. Statementרבי יצחק: liable only with a non-virgin שפחה
18. QuestionHow do we know 'נחרפת' means change?
19. ResponseProof from הריפות in שמואל
20. ResponseSecond proof from הריפות in משלי
21. StatementThe כהנים in עזרא brought guilt offerings for designated maidservants
22. StatementBack to the משנה: a ברייתא reads 'redeemed' and 'not redeemed'
23. Responseרבי עקיבא: half maidservant, half free, engaged to a Hebrew slave
24. Statementרבי ישמעאל: a full Canaanite maidservant
25. ChallengeThen why the double wording?
26. ResolutionThe Torah speaks the way people speak
27. Statementרבי אלעזר בן עזריה: the half-free case is the one left over
28. Statementאחרים: a Canaanite maidservant engaged to a Canaanite slave
29. QuestionWhere does רבי ישמעאל learn that she is engaged to an עבד עברי?
30. Response'כי לא חופשה' shows that he is free
31. ChallengeIsn't רבי אלעזר בן עזריה saying the same as רבי עקיבא?
32. Resolutionרבי אלעזר בן עזריה is answering רבי ישמעאל
33. QuestionWhere do אחרים learn that he is an עבד כנעני?
34. Response'כי לא חופשה' is moved over to teach about him
35. Statementמשנה: Who is exempt or liable in עריות
36. ChallengeIs a minor liable with a שפחה חרופה?
37. ResolutionHere even the adult is exempt
38. ChallengeIs a sleeping person liable with a שפחה חרופה?
39. ResolutionHere even the awake partner is exempt
40. StatementA ברייתא that treats different cases alike
41. ChallengeWith a שפחה חרופה, completing is not like beginning
42. ChallengeWith her, intending is not like not intending
43. ChallengeNormal way and unusual way are not equal with a שפחה חרופה
44. ChallengeWhat could 'awake like asleep' mean?
45. ChallengeTrying other forbidden relationships: finishing like beginning?