Kesubos 12a

כתובות י״ב ע״א

Ketubot 12a

Learn Kesubos 12a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Whether a mistaken בתולה keeps a מנה, the groom who was alone with his bride in יהודה, and the כתובות of כהנים' daughters.

Overview

The amud opens with רבה, who learns from a ברייתא that a woman married as a בתולה who turns out to be a בעולה still gets a כתובה of a מנה. רב אשי rejects this. Normally she gets nothing; the ברייתא is special because she had been married before. A second version puts the same exchange on our משנה about a בתולה מן הנישואין. The גמרא then explains how far each version reaches. A new משנה rules that a groom in יהודה who ate at his father-in-law's house without witnesses cannot make a טענת בתולים. The גמרא learns from this that customs differed within יהודה, and brings a ברייתא of רבי יהודה listing customs of יהודה and the גליל. אביי, רבא and רב אשי each explain which custom the ברייתא's closing rule refers to. Finally, a new משנה gives every widow a מנה and says a court of כהנים collected 400 זוז for a virgin. רב אשי begins to explain a ברייתא that gives a כהן's widow 200, through two ordinances, and the explanation continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (29)

1. Statementרבה learns that a mistaken בתולה still gets 100
2. Rejectionרב אשי: normally she gets nothing; here she was married before
3. ChallengeWhy not suspect she was unfaithful during אירוסין?
4. Resolutionרב שרביא: he married her right after the קידושין
5. StatementSecond version: the same discussion placed on our משנה
6. QuestionHow can a married woman still be a בתולה?
7. ResponseShe entered the חופה but they never lived together
8. Statementרבה learns the 100 rule from the משנה
9. Rejectionרב אשי: here it is different because she entered a חופה
10. ChallengeWhy not worry she was unfaithful to the second husband?
11. ResolutionHe betrothed her and married her right away
12. ConclusionComparing the two versions of the exchange
13. StatementA groom who eats at his father-in-law's house in יהודה
14. StatementLearning from the word 'one who eats'
15. Statementאביי: customs varied within יהודה
16. Proofרבי יהודה describes the old custom in יהודה
17. ProofTwo groomsmen checked the couple at the wedding
18. ProofThe groomsmen slept in the couple's house
19. StatementWhoever did not follow this custom cannot claim she was not a virgin
20. ChallengeWhich custom does the rule refer to? Not the first one
21. ChallengeNot the groomsmen custom either
22. Resolutionאביי: the rule is about the first custom, so read it as 'whoever did follow it'
23. Rejectionרבא objects: the text clearly says 'did not follow'
24. Resolutionרבא: someone in the גליל who followed the custom of יהודה
25. Resolutionרב אשי: the rule is about the later custom, read as 'whoever was not checked'
26. StatementNew משנה: every widow gets a מנה, and the כהנים collected 400 for a virgin
27. StatementA ברייתא: a כהן's widow gets 200
28. ChallengeBut the משנה says a כהן's widow gets only a מנה
29. Resolutionרב אשי: there were two ordinances, and the first was 400 for a virgin and a מנה for a widow