Kesubos 28a

כתובות כ״ח ע״א

Ketubot 28a

Learn Kesubos 28a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Keeping a divorced couple apart, and testimony as an adult about what one saw as a child

Overview

The amud starts by finishing a ברייתא about a divorced couple living near each other. If he is a כהן, she may not even share his alleyway, and a small village counts as too close. When they may not live together, she is the one who moves, unless the courtyard is hers. For a courtyard they share, one proof is tried and rejected. The answer then comes from a פסוק and רב's teaching that moving is harder for a man, so she moves. Next, a ברייתא says that if he owes her money, she is repaid only through a third person. רב נחמן limits this to a woman divorced after נישואין, though רבא's case shows that a couple who are clearly close are separated even after אירוסין. Then a new משנה lists things an adult may testify about from what he saw as a child: handwriting, a בתולה's wedding, a man eating תרומה, a בית הפרס, and the תחום שבת. It does not cover claims to someone's land. The גמרא explains the handwriting cases and the wedding case, and it learns from the תרומה case that one may not teach a slave תורה. A ברייתא challenging that rule begins at the end and continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (32)

1. StatementA כהן's ex-wife may not share his alleyway
2. StatementA small village counts as too close
3. QuestionWho has to move away?
4. ResponseShe moves, unless the courtyard is hers
5. QuestionWhat if they own the courtyard together?
6. ProofTrying to prove she moves from a shared courtyard
7. RejectionMaybe he only rented the courtyard
8. QuestionSo what is the final ruling?
9. ResponseMoving is harder for a man, so she moves
10. StatementRepayment of a loan from her property must go through someone else
11. Statementרב ששת: the court will not hear their case
12. Statementרב פפא: we put them in נידוי
13. Statementרב הונא בריה דרב יהושע: we also give them lashes
14. Statementאבל רבתי: the rule is only for a woman divorced after marriage
15. Statementרבא puts a messenger between a couple divorced after betrothal
16. Challengeרב אדא challenges רבא from אבל רבתי
17. Resolutionרבא: these two are clearly close
18. StatementSecond version: רבא did not separate them, and רב אדא suggests he should
19. Challengeרבא pushes back with אבל רבתי
20. Resolutionרב אדא: the rule is only for couples who are not close
21. StatementNew משנה: adults believed about what they saw as children
22. StatementRecognizing the handwriting of a father, teacher, or brother
23. StatementMore things an adult is believed about from childhood
24. StatementCases where he is not believed: claims on land
25. StatementThe handwriting case needs an adult witness alongside
26. StatementWhy both a father and a teacher are mentioned
27. StatementWhy the brother's handwriting also had to be listed
28. QuestionWhy we trust childhood memory of a בתולה's wedding
29. ResponseMost women marry as בתולות, so it only reveals the matter
30. ChallengeMaybe the boy eating תרומה was a כהן's slave
31. ProofA slave is not taught תורה, which supports רבי יהושע בן לוי
32. ChallengeA ברייתא seems to show a slave can be taught