Kesubos 74a

כתובות ע״ד ע״א

Ketubot 74a

Learn Kesubos 74a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Kesubos 74a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Does ביאה after a failed or conditional קידושין create a marriage? Conditions, mistaken חליצה, and the rulings of רבי יוחנן, רבי אלעזר, רבי אמי and עולא

Overview

This amud asks what happens when a man's קידושין did not work and he then lived with the woman: does the later ביאה make a real marriage? The גמרא first defends רבה's rule that, when only one woman is involved, the man relies on his first קידושין. It shows that the argument in the ברייתא about a minor's קידושין is only about whether people know such קידושין mean nothing. רבי יוחנן is quoted supporting רבה: after conditional קידושין and ביאה, she needs no גט. This is challenged from the rule that a 'mistaken חליצה' is valid. רבי יוחנן defines that as חליצה on condition that she pays 200 זוז, and the challenge argues that doing the act cancels the condition. The answer is that a condition only works on an act a שליח could do, as with בני גד ובני ראובן. קידושין through ביאה is an exception, because all ways of קידושין are linked together. Next, רבי אלעזר, רבי אמי and עולא give different rulings on when ביאה after a failed קידושין requires a גט. The amud ends by quoting רבי ישמעאל, whom עולא rejects: a woman with a mistaken קידושין is never married, even after having a child. His statement continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (18)

1. ChallengeA case like a one-woman error, and yet they argue
2. ResolutionThe argument there is about whether people know a minor's marriage means nothing
3. Proofרבי יוחנן supports רבה: all agree she needs no גט
4. ChallengeAn objection: a mistaken חליצה is valid
5. QuestionWhat is a mistaken חליצה?
6. Responseריש לקיש: he was told חליצה would marry her
7. Rejectionרבי יוחנן: both must intend the חליצה
8. Responseרבי יוחנן: חליצה on condition that she pays 200 זוז
9. ChallengeDoing the act means dropping the condition
10. ResolutionConditions only work on acts a שליח could do
11. ChallengeBut a condition on ביאה does count
12. ResolutionConditions on ביאה work because all ways of קידושין are linked
13. Statementרבי אלעזר: in all three failed cases followed by ביאה, she needs a גט
14. Statementרבי אמי: only less than a פרוטה needs a גט, because the man may err in the others
15. Statementעולא: a conditional קידושין followed by ביאה needs a גט, as in a real case
16. Statementעולא's ruling rejects a certain תנא
17. Statementרבי ישמעאל: a woman who was forced is permitted
18. StatementAnother permitted woman: a mistaken קידושין