Kesubos 7b

כתובות ז׳ ע״ב

Ketubot 7b

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Topic

ברכת חתנים: days for a widow, the source for ten men, ברכת אירוסין, and the seven days of celebration

Overview

The גמרא first brings a ברייתא that seems to give every widow only one day of ברכת חתנים. It answers that the ברייתא means a widow who marries an אלמן, and that the ברייתא only listed minimums that always hold. Next, רב נחמן learns that ברכת חתנים needs ten men from the ten elders of בועז. רבי אבהו learns it instead from 'בְּמַקְהֵלוֹת' in תהלים. Each side then explains what he does with the other's פסוק. Along the way, the גמרא rules that giving ownership to an unborn baby does not work. Then ברייתות teach where ברכת חתנים and ברכת אירוסין are said, and the גמרא gives the text of ברכת אירוסין, with a debate about its closing line. Finally, it teaches that ברכת חתנים is said with ten men all seven days when פנים חדשות come. It then begins listing the wedding blessings, a list that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (25)

1. ChallengeA ברייתא seems to give every widow only one day
2. ResolutionThe ברייתא means a widow who marries a widower
3. ChallengeThen why didn't the ברייתא list the middle case?
4. ResolutionThe ברייתא only teaches rules that always hold
5. Statementרב נחמן: ten men for ברכת חתנים, from the ten elders of בועז
6. Statementרבי אבהו: the source is a פסוק in תהלים
7. QuestionWhat does רב נחמן learn from רבי אבהו's פסוק?
8. Responseרב נחמן uses the פסוק for babies singing at the sea
9. Responseרבי אבהו: 'מקור' means matters of the source, not the womb
10. QuestionWhat does רבי אבהו learn from בועז's ten elders?
11. ResponseThe elders were there to rule about Moabite women
12. Challengeרב נחמן asks why a ruling would need ten
13. ResolutionTen were gathered to make the ruling public
14. ConclusionThe הלכה: an unborn baby does not acquire
15. StatementWhere is ברכת חתנים said?
16. Statementאביי explains: in יהודה the couple was alone together
17. StatementAnother teaching: each blessing belongs at its own event
18. QuestionWhat are the words of the betrothal blessing?
19. ResponseThe text of the betrothal blessing
20. StatementAdding a closing line to the blessing
21. StatementWhy one view has a closing line and one does not
22. StatementWedding blessings with ten men for seven days
23. StatementOnly when new guests come
24. QuestionWhat are the wedding blessings?
25. Responseרב יהודה begins listing the wedding blessings