Kiddushin 38a

קידושין ל״ח ע״א

Learn Kiddushin 38a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

חדש and the מן at the entry into the land, the dates of משה's death and birth, and which land-based מצוות apply outside ארץ ישראל

Overview

The גמרא finishes discussing whether the ban on חדש (new grain before the עומר) applies only in ארץ ישראל after it was conquered and settled, or everywhere. Under the first view, the Jews waited to eat the grain of the land because it was forbidden until the עומר. Under the second view, they waited only because they still had מן. A ברייתא proves this from a פסוק that seems to contradict itself: the מן stopped falling when משה died on the seventh of אדר, but they ate the leftovers until the sixteenth of ניסן. A second ברייתא explains the 'forty years' of מן: the מצות from מצרים tasted like מן. A third ברייתא proves that משה died on the seventh of אדר by counting back 33 days from the crossing of the ירדן. It shows from the extra word 'today' that he was also born on that date. Finally, רבי שמעון בן יוחי teaches that חדש, כלאים and ערלה apply even outside the land. He proves it with a קל וחומר from חדש. His son רבי אלעזר then begins his own opinion, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (20)

1. ResolutionThey brought the עומר first and then ate
2. ChallengeAccording to the second view, why didn't they eat right away?
3. ResolutionThey did not need the new grain
4. ProofThe פסוק about eating the מן
5. ChallengeThe two halves of the פסוק seem to clash
6. ResolutionThe מן stopped falling, but they ate the leftovers
7. ChallengeThey didn't really eat the מן for forty years
8. ResolutionThe מצות from מצרים tasted like מן
9. Statementמשה died and was born on the seventh of אדר
10. QuestionHow do we know משה died on the seventh of אדר?
11. ProofLining up the verses from משה's death to crossing the Jordan
12. ConclusionCounting back 33 days lands on the seventh of אדר
13. QuestionHow do we know משה was born on the seventh of אדר?
14. ProofThe extra word 'today' in משה's words
15. ConclusionGod completes the years of the righteous exactly
16. StatementThree מצוות given on entering the land that apply everywhere
17. ProofSetting up the logic: new grain is a light prohibition yet applies everywhere
18. ConclusionSo mixed species, a stricter prohibition, must apply everywhere
19. Conclusionערלה fits the same logic on two of the three points
20. StatementA new opinion begins: רבי אלעזר son of רבי שמעון