Gemara Clarity

Kiddushin 60a

קידושין ס׳ ע״א

Learn Kiddushin 60a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Kiddushin 60a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Delayed betrothals and רבי יוחנן's 'leftover' idea, then the משנה on קידושין with money conditions and when they take effect

Overview

The amud opens by finishing אביי's case of three men who each betroth the same woman 'from now and after' a set number of days. She needs a גט from the first and the last, but not from the middle one, whichever way the words are read. רבי יוחנן, reported by עולא and רבי אסי, holds that even a hundred such betrothals can take hold, because each one leaves a gap for the next, like a row of bricks. רב חנינא challenges רבי יוחנן from a ברייתא: a גט 'from today and after death' is doubtful, so she does חליצה but not יבום. רבא answers that death finishes what the גט left over, but אביי rejects this. אביי explains instead that under רבי יוחנן the ban on יבום is only a rabbinic decree, because the case looks like the valid גט 'from today if I die'. A new משנה then lists קידושין made on money conditions: giving, having, or showing 200 זוז. The גמרא brings the argument between רב הונא ('and he shall give') and רב יהודה ('when he gives') about when such a betrothal takes effect. It applies the same argument to a גט given on condition that she pays.

Opening lines

וּבָא אַחֵר וְאָמַר לָהּ:

And another came and said to her:

״הֲרֵי אַתְּ מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת לִי

'You are hereby betrothed to me

מֵעַכְשָׁיו וּלְאַחַר עֲשָׂרָה יָמִים״,

from now and after ten days,'

מֵרִאשׁוֹן וּמֵאַחֲרוֹן – צְרִיכָה גֵּט,

from the first and from the last, she needs a bill of divorce;

The steps (26)

  1. StatementThe third man and אביי's ruling
  2. StatementEither way, the middle man loses
  3. ChallengeIsn't that obvious?
  4. ResolutionWe might have thought she needs a גט from everyone
  5. Statementרבי יוחנן: even a hundred can take hold
  6. StatementLike a row of bricks with gaps
  7. Challengeרב חנינא quotes a ruling about a גט 'from today and after death'
  8. ChallengeThe ruling fits רב, and שמואל can explain it too
  9. ChallengeBut for רבי יוחנן, יבום should be allowed
  10. Resolutionרבא: death finishes what the get left over
  11. Rejectionאביי: a get and death pull in opposite directions
  12. Resolutionאביי's new answer: the rule is only a rabbinic decree
  13. ChallengeWhy not make the decree go both ways?
  14. Resolutionחליצה there would make people think יבום is allowed
  15. ChallengeThe same problem exists in the original case
  16. ResolutionNo harm: the ban there is only rabbinic
  17. StatementBetrothal on condition of giving two hundred זוז
  18. StatementBetrothal on condition of paying within thirty days
  19. StatementCondition: 'that I have 200 זוז'
  20. StatementCondition: 'that I show you 200 זוז'
  21. StatementTwo readings of 'he must give'
  22. StatementWhat each reading means
  23. QuestionWhat is the practical difference?
  24. ResponseAnother man betroths her in between
  25. StatementThe same case with a גט
  26. StatementThe same argument about the גט