Kiddushin 77b

קידושין ע״ז ע״ב

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Topic

When prohibitions stack for a כהן גדול (separate bodies, איסור מוסיף, איסור חל על איסור), and how a woman becomes a חללה

Overview

This amud deals with a כהן גדול and the women forbidden to him, and asks when he gets more than one set of מלקות. First the גמרא shows that one act with a woman widowed three times brings only one punishment, because separate bodies are needed, not just separate names. Next it explains why a woman who became an אלמנה, then a גרושה, then a חללה, then a זונה brings a punishment for each. רבא says this תנא holds איסור מוסיף: a new prohibition takes effect when it adds a new restriction. A ברייתא taught before רב ששת says a כהן גדול is not liable for אלמנה with his widowed sister. The גמרא debates whether that ברייתא follows רבי שמעון or the רבנן. אביי then rules that a woman becomes a חללה only through a prohibition of כהונה, and רבא brings the ברייתא that is the source. רב אשי begins to draw a practical result about a כהן who lives with his sister, and his statement continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (27)

1. ChallengeThree different widows would mean three punishments
2. ResolutionNew suggestion: one widow, three acts
3. ChallengeWith only one warning, the ruling would be obvious
4. ResolutionMaybe he was warned before each act
5. ChallengeThe נזיר משנה: each warning brings its own punishment
6. ConclusionOne widow with three 'widow' names, one act
7. ChallengeWhy does the order of the woman's statuses matter?
8. Resolutionרבא: this תנא accepts an 'added prohibition'
9. ResolutionHow each new status adds a new prohibition
10. ChallengeWhat new prohibition does זונה add?
11. ResolutionThe label זנות can disqualify even for a ישראל
12. StatementA ברייתא about the כהן גדול and his widowed sister
13. Responseרב ששת says the ברייתא follows רבי שמעון
14. ProofProof of רבי שמעון's view from נבילה on יום הכפורים
15. RejectionThe ברייתא could follow the רבנן too
16. StatementSecond version: רב ששת said the ברייתא is the רבנן
17. RejectionWhy the ברייתא cannot be רבי שמעון in this version
18. ResolutionWhy the teaching is still needed for רבי שמעון
19. QuestionDoes a sister who lived with her brother become a חללה?
20. Responseאביי: only a prohibition of כהונה makes a חללה
21. Questionרבא asks for the source of אביי's rule
22. ProofThe ברייתא about a גרושה and a כהן גדול
23. ChallengeWhy would a High Priest's rules be any weaker?
24. ResolutionReword the ברייתא to be about אלמנה
25. ProofA חללה comes only from a prohibition of כהונה
26. StatementWhy זונה is repeated: a regular כהן's children also become חללים
27. Statementרב אשי begins a practical result: a כהן with his sister