Kiddushin 78a

קידושין ע״ח ע״א

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Topic

Lashes for a כהן גדול with an אלמנה, אביי and רבא on קידושין versus relations, and whether the daughter of a גר may marry a כהן

Overview

The amud opens by finishing an earlier case: a כהן's forbidden act with a close relative makes her a זונה, and only a later act makes her a חללה. רב יהודה then rules that a כהן גדול with an אלמנה gets two sets of מלקות, for 'לא יקח' and 'לא יחלל'. The גמרא defends this against challenges from a משנה in מכות and shows that the ban on a חלוצה is only דרבנן. אביי and רבא then argue over whether קידושין alone brings lashes, and each agrees to an exception. Next, the גמרא brings a ברייתא proving רבי יהודה's view that the daughter of a male גר is unfit for כהונה. That proof combines the cases of a חלל, a כהן גדול with an אלמנה, and a first-generation מצרי through a הצד השוה argument. רבי שמעון בן יוחי allows a girl who converted before age three to marry a כהן. The גמרא then shows that all four views, the three in the משנה and רבי שמעון בן יוחי's in the ברייתא, come from different readings of one phrase in יחזקאל, 'מזרע בית ישראל'. The amud ends as רב נחמן begins to speak to רבא, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (34)

1. ConclusionFirst act makes her a זונה, a second act makes her a חללה
2. StatementA כהן גדול with a widow gets two sets of lashes
3. ChallengeWhy not a third set for profaning his offspring?
4. ResolutionThe case is where he did not complete the act
5. Challengeרבא challenges from a משנה about 'two labels'
6. ResolutionTwo labels for each woman-type
7. ChallengeThe last clause of the משנה says only one
8. ResolutionOnly one forbidden category, but still two labels
9. ChallengeIsn't the ban on a חלוצה from the Torah?
10. ResolutionThe verse is only a support for a rabbinic law
11. Statementאביי: lashes for betrothal and lashes for relations
12. Statementרבא: no lashes without relations
13. Statementאביי agrees about remarrying a divorced wife
14. Statementרבא agrees: relations without קידושין bring lashes for a כהן גדול with a widow
15. StatementBoth agree: no lashes for relations alone with a divorced wife
16. Statementרבי יהודה: the daughter of a male convert is like the daughter of a חלל
17. ProofA קל וחומר from a חלל to a convert
18. ChallengeA חלל is different because he was formed through a sin
19. ResolutionA כהן גדול with a widow proves the sin is not the reason
20. ChallengeA כהן גדול with a widow is different because his relations are a sin
21. ResolutionA חלל proves the forbidden relations are not the reason
22. ProofCombining the two cases: what they share
23. ChallengeBoth cases involve some sin
24. ResolutionUse a first-generation Egyptian convert instead
25. ChallengeAn Egyptian convert cannot enter the congregation
26. ResolutionA חלל proves that point does not matter
27. ProofCombining the חלל and the מצרי into one proof
28. ChallengeThe shared feature is that they disqualify through relations
29. ResolutionFor רבי יהודה, a גר also disqualifies through relations
30. Statementרבי אליעזר בן יעקב, and רבי שמעון בן יוחי on a young גיורת
31. ResolutionHow the רבנן read 'keep alive for yourselves'
32. ConclusionAll the views come from one פסוק about whom a כהן may marry
33. ConclusionHow רבי יוסי and רבי שמעון בן יוחי read the same verse
34. Statementרב נחמן begins speaking to רבא