Menachos 14b

מנחות י״ד ע״ב

Menachot 14b

Learn Menachos 14b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Menachos 14b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Whether פיגול intent spreads between paired loaves, combining half-כזית thoughts across עבודות, and a new משנה on one communal bread becoming טמא

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a challenge to an earlier explanation of רבי יוסי. That challenge is a כל שכן. רבי יוחנן then gives a new reason: the פסוק treats the שתי הלחם as one body and also as two bodies. So intent that joins both loaves makes both פיגול, while intent about one loaf affects only that loaf. A ברייתא from רב תחליפא adds that the same מחלוקת applies to the breads of a תודה and to a מנחת מאפה. Next, a ברייתא teaches that half-כזית thoughts during שחיטה and during זריקה combine to make פיגול. רבא explains that this ברייתא follows the רבנן, while לוי's ברייתא, which says no עבודות combine, follows רבי. אביי questions the proof from רבי's ruling on the two lambs, and רבא בר רב חנן challenges אביי. אביי answers that a rabbinic decree is made only when a twin case of real פיגול exists, and the end of the משנה about מנחת חוטא supports this. Finally, a new משנה asks what happens when one of the two communal breads becomes טמא. רבי אלעזר limits the מחלוקת to טומאה that happened before the זריקה. רב פפא explains that the argument is about whether the ציץ makes eaten items acceptable, and the discussion continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (24)

1. ChallengeAll the more so here, since the intent is about the offering itself
2. ResolutionThe פסוק made the loaves both one body and two bodies
3. ConclusionJoined intent makes both פיגול; separate intent affects only one
4. QuestionDoes the same rule apply to תודה breads and מנחת מאפה?
5. ResponseA ברייתא from ארץ ישראל: the same applies there
6. StatementHalf a כזית at שחיטה plus half at זריקה combine to make פיגול
7. StatementFirst view: only slaughter and sprinkling combine, because both permit the offering
8. StatementSecond view: if far-apart acts combine, close acts surely do
9. Challengeלוי's ברייתא says none of the four עבודות combine
10. Resolutionרבא: the two ברייתות follow different תנאים
11. ProofProof: רבי rules the שבועות lambs stay כשר
12. Rejectionאביי: maybe רבי only spoke about half a permitting factor
13. ChallengeIf so, רבי should have decreed against the weaker case
14. ProofProof that רבי יוסי makes such a decree
15. ProofProof that the רבנן also make such a decree
16. Rejectionאביי explains the decrees in the two משניות
17. ResolutionThe same pattern with the lambs and the bowls
18. ResolutionNo real case of half a permitting factor and half a כזית exists, so there is nothing to decree from
19. ProofSupport from the end of the משנה about the sinner's meal offering
20. ProofWhy the משנה needed to say the obvious
21. StatementNew משנה: one of the two communal breads becomes impure
22. Statementרבי אלעזר limits the argument to before the sprinkling
23. QuestionWhat is the argument before the sprinkling about?
24. Responseרב פפא: they argue about whether the frontplate covers eaten items