Menachos 47a

מנחות מ״ז ע״א

Menachot 47a

Learn Menachos 47a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

How the sheep of עצרת make the two loaves holy: the מחלוקת of רבי and רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון, its explanations, and its practical results

Overview

A ברייתא teaches that the two sheep of עצרת (שבועות) make the two loaves holy only through their שחיטה. If both the שחיטה and the זריקה were לשמן, the bread is holy, and if neither was, it is not. In the mixed case, רבי says the bread is 'holy and not holy,' while רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון says it is not holy at all. Both learn their views from the פסוק about the נזיר's ram: רבי reads 'יעשה זבח' to mean the doing is the slaughter, and רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון reads 'יעשה' to mean all the actions are needed. אביי explains 'holy and not holy' as incomplete holiness, and רבא explains it as full holiness without permission to eat. They differ on whether the holiness passes onto redemption money. Even according to אביי, רבי differs from רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון about whether the bread becomes unfit by leaving the courtyard. Finally, רבי שמואל בר רב יצחק asks whether the bread may be eaten in the mixed case. The גמרא places his question within a ברייתא where רבי אליעזר and רבי עקיבא argue whether זריקה affects loaves that left the courtyard.

Opening lines

The steps (22)

1. StatementThe sheep of עצרת make the bread holy only through slaughter
2. StatementThree cases of slaughtering and sprinkling, and the view of רבי
3. Statementרבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון: no holiness without both acts done correctly
4. QuestionWhat is רבי's reason?
5. ResponseA פסוק shows that the slaughter makes the bread holy
6. ResponseThe source for רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון
7. ChallengeChallenge to רבי: the פסוק also says 'יעשה'
8. Resolutionרבי reads the word order: 'do it by slaughtering'
9. ChallengeChallenge to רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון: the פסוק says 'זבח'
10. Resolution'זבח' teaches רבי יוחנן's rule: the bread must exist at the שחיטה
11. QuestionWhat does 'holy and not holy' mean?
12. Responseאביי: holy, but not completely
13. Responseרבא: holy, but not permitted to be eaten
14. QuestionWhat is the practical difference between אביי and רבא?
15. ResponseThey differ on whether redemption money becomes holy
16. ChallengeAccording to אביי, how is רבי different from רבי אלעזר ברבי שמעון?
17. ResolutionThey differ on whether the bread becomes unfit by leaving the courtyard
18. QuestionMay the bread be eaten if the lambs' blood was sprinkled for the wrong purpose?
19. ChallengeAccording to whom was the question asked?
20. ResolutionThe question follows a different תנא
21. StatementBoth תנאים agree with רבי that שחיטה makes the loaves holy
22. StatementThe real argument: does זריקה work on something that left the courtyard?