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Menachos 62b

מנחות ס״ב ע״ב

Menachot 62b

Learn Menachos 62b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Menachos 62b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

רבי and רבנן on waving communal שלמים; רבי שמעון's three offerings and their סמיכה and תנופה; who does the waving

Overview

The גמרא first gives two more ways to explain the מחלוקת between רבי and רבנן about waving the communal שלמים after slaughter. רב פפא says everyone holds דון מינה ומינה, and רבי waves the whole animal because the whole animal is a gift to the כהן. רבינא says everyone holds דון מינה ואוקי באתרה, and רבנן wave only the breast and thigh because of the extra word ״שלמיהם״. Then the גמרא quotes רבי שמעון's משנה. Three offerings, שלמי יחיד, שלמי ציבור and אשם מצורע, each need two of three מצוות: סמיכה, תנופה while alive, and תנופה after slaughter. The גמרא tries three times to use a קל וחומר to add the missing מצוה to each offering. Each attempt is blocked: twice by a limiting word in the פסוק (״אֹתָם״ and ״אֹתוֹ״), and once by a tradition that only two communal offerings get סמיכה. Finally a ברייתא teaches that one partner waves for all of the partners, and a כהן waves for a woman or for someone who sends his offering from overseas.

Opening lines

רַב פָּפָּא אָמַר:

Rav Pappa said:

דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא דּוּן מִינַּהּ וּמִינַּהּ הוּא,

Everyone holds it is "infer from it and from it,"

וְהַיְינוּ טַעְמָא דְּרַבִּי – כִּי הָתָם,

and this is Rebbi's reason: like there,

מָה הָתָם דָּבָר שֶׁמַּתָּנָה לְכֹהֵן,

just as there, the item that is a gift to the kohen [is waved],

The steps (11)

  1. Resolutionרב פפא: everyone learns all details, and רבי's reason is the gift to the כהן
  2. Resolutionרבינא: everyone keeps details in place, and רבנן learn from the extra word
  3. Statementרבי שמעון: three offerings, each needing two of three מצוות
  4. StatementWhich two מצוות each offering needs
  5. ChallengeWhy don't an individual's peace offerings need waving while alive?
  6. ResolutionThe word ״אֹתָם״ limits live waving to communal offerings
  7. ChallengeWhy don't communal peace offerings need leaning?
  8. ResolutionA tradition: only two communal offerings get leaning
  9. ChallengeWhy doesn't the מצורע's guilt offering need waving after slaughter?
  10. ResolutionThe word 'it' excludes the leper's guilt offering from waving after slaughter
  11. StatementWho waves for partners, for a woman, and for someone overseas