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Nedarim 9a

נדרים ט׳ ע״א

Learn Nedarim 9a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Vows made by comparison: "like the vows of the רשעים," "like the vows of the כשרים," and "like their נדבות", and which תנא splits a נדר from a נדבה

Overview

The משנה teaches that saying "like the vows of the רשעים" counts as a vow of נזירות, קרבן, or שבועה. Saying "like the vows of the כשרים" means nothing, because good people do not make vows. Saying "like their נדבות" counts as נזירות or קרבן. The גמרא worries that "like the vows of the רשעים" might mean "I will NOT vow like them." שמואל answers that the person added a word: הריני (נזירות), עלי (קרבן), or הימנו (שבועה). The גמרא challenges הריני and הימנו. It answers that a נזיר was walking by, and that the person said "from it, that I will not eat." It also explains the חידוש: a שבועה works even without saying the word שבועה. Finally, the גמרא asks which תנא splits a נדר from a נדבה, since a ברייתא suggests that neither רבי מאיר nor רבי יהודה does. It begins to answer that the משנה can follow רבי מאיר, and the explanation continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

<big><strong>מַתְנִי׳</strong></big>

Mishnah:

״כְּנִדְרֵי רְשָׁעִים״ —

If he says "like the vows of the wicked":

נָדַר בְּנָזִיר וּבְקׇרְבָּן וּבִשְׁבוּעָה.

he has vowed regarding being a nazirite, an offering, or an oath.

״כְּנִדְרֵי כְשֵׁרִים״ —

If he says "like the vows of the virtuous":

The steps (12)

  1. StatementThe משנה: vows of the wicked, of the virtuous, and their gift offerings
  2. ChallengeMaybe he meant he will NOT vow like the wicked
  3. Resolutionשמואל: he added a word that shows which vow he meant
  4. ChallengeMaybe "I am hereby" means a fast, not naziriteship
  5. Resolutionשמואל: a nazirite was passing by
  6. ChallengeMaybe "from it" means he WILL eat from it
  7. Resolutionרבא: he said "from it, that I will not eat"
  8. ChallengeIf He Spelled It Out, What Is the חידוש?
  9. ResolutionWe Might Think an Oath Needs the Word 'Oath'
  10. ChallengeWhich תנא Splits a Vow From a Gift Offering?
  11. ProofThe ברייתא: רבי מאיר and רבי יהודה on Vowing
  12. ResolutionIt Can Even Fit רבי מאיר