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Pesachim 103a

פסחים ק״ג ע״א

Learn Pesachim 103a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The order of ברכות at קידוש and הבדלה, the order of spices and light, and a second ברכה on the כוס של ברכה

Overview

The גמרא finishes listing opinions on the order of the ברכות when יום טוב starts on מוצאי שבת. The ברכות involved are יין, קידוש, נר, הבדלה, and later זמן. שמואל's father asks רבי, who answers with רבי יהושע בן חנניה's order נהי"ק. רבי חנינא explains that order with a parable: first escort out the departing king, then greet the arriving governor. The גמרא then asks for the practical ruling. אביי and רבא both follow רב's order and argue only about where זמן goes, and the הלכה follows רבא: יקנה"ז. Next comes a story: רבא blesses spices before light at הבדלה and is challenged from a משנה. He answers that רבי יהודה's version of the dispute between בית שמאי and בית הלל supports him, and that רבי יוחנן reports the people's custom follows it. Finally, רב יעקב בר אבא asks why רבא says בורא פרי הגפן again on the כוס של ברכה. רבא's answer, a story about רב's students, continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

וְרַבָּה אָמַר: יַהְנֵ״ק.

And Rabba said: wine, havdala, candle, kiddush.

וְלֵוִי אָמַר: קְנִיָּ״ה.

And Levi said: kiddush, candle, wine, havdala.

וְרַבָּנַן אָמְרִי: קִינָ״ה.

And the Rabbis say: kiddush, wine, candle, havdala.

מָר בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַבְנָא אָמַר: נְקִיָּ״ה.

Mar the son of Ravna said: candle, kiddush, wine, havdala.

The steps (19)

  1. Statementרבה's order: wine, הבדלה, candle, קידוש
  2. Statementלוי's order and the רבנן's order
  3. StatementTwo orders that start with the candle
  4. Questionשמואל's father asks רבי for the order
  5. Responseרבי answers with רבי יהושע בן חנניה's order
  6. StatementThe parable of the king leaving and the governor arriving
  7. QuestionWhat is the final ruling?
  8. Responseאביי and רבא disagree about where to put the time blessing
  9. ConclusionThe הלכה follows רבא
  10. Statementרבא blesses spices before light
  11. Challengeרב הונא בר יהודה: both schools put light first
  12. ProofThe משנה behind the challenge
  13. Resolutionרבא: that is רבי מאיר's version; רבי יהודה reports otherwise
  14. Conclusionרבי יוחנן: the people follow בית הלל as רבי יהודה reports
  15. Statementרבא says the wine blessing twice
  16. ChallengeWhy bless the wine a second time?
  17. ResolutionThat was the practice at the ריש גלותא's house
  18. ChallengeThe ריש גלותא's house is a different case
  19. Resolutionרבא follows the students of רב