Gemara Clarity

Pesachim 22a

פסחים כ״ב ע״א

Learn Pesachim 22a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 22a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Pesachim 22a: Defending רבי אבהו's rule that 'לא יאכל' forbids benefit, against challenges from גיד הנשה and from blood.

Overview

This amud joins the sugya in the middle. The גמרא is testing רבי אבהו's rule: wherever the Torah says 'it may not be eaten,' benefit is forbidden too, unless the Torah makes an exception, as it does for נבילה. First the גמרא finishes explaining how רבי יהודה and רבי מאיר each use the word 'אותו' in the טריפה verse, and why רבי יהודה needs no verse for חולין שנשחטו בעזרה. Then רבי יצחק נפחא challenges the rule from גיד הנשה, which a משנה lets a person send to a non-Jew. The answer is that the נבילה permission covers the whole animal, sinews included. The גמרא shows this works for both views: רבי יהודה holds sinews have flavor and permits benefit, while רבי שמעון holds they have no flavor and forbids benefit. Next comes a challenge from Temple blood sold as fertilizer. The answer is that the Torah compares blood to water ('pour it out like water'), so blood may be used. Finally, רב אשי explains that this means ordinary poured water, not altar or idolatrous libations, which the Torah calls ניסוך.

Opening lines

אוֹתוֹ אַתָּה מַשְׁלִיךְ לַכֶּלֶב,

It, you may throw to the dog,

וְאִי אַתָּה מַשְׁלִיךְ לַכֶּלֶב

but you may not throw to the dog

כׇּל אִיסּוּרִין שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה.

all the prohibited items in the Torah.

וְרַבִּי מֵאִיר?

And Rabbi Meir?

The steps (18)

  1. ConclusionOnly the טריפה may be thrown to the dog, not other forbidden foods
  2. QuestionWhat does רבי מאיר learn from 'אותו'?
  3. Responseרבי מאיר learns about חולין slaughtered in the עזרה
  4. QuestionWhere does רבי יהודה learn about חולין in the עזרה?
  5. ResponseFor רבי יהודה, חולין in the עזרה is only rabbinic
  6. ChallengeChallenge from גיד הנשה, which may be sent to a non-Jew
  7. Resolutionגיד הנשה is included in the נבילה permission
  8. ChallengeThe answer only works if sinews have the taste of meat
  9. ResolutionThe no-flavor view belongs to רבי שמעון
  10. Proofרבי שמעון really does forbid benefit from the sinew
  11. ChallengeChallenge from Temple blood sold as fertilizer
  12. ResolutionBlood is compared to water, so benefit is allowed
  13. ChallengeMaybe blood is like the water poured on the altar
  14. ResolutionLike water means like most water
  15. RejectionThe verse does not say most water
  16. ResolutionWater that is poured out, not water offered as a libation
  17. ChallengeMaybe blood is like water poured for idolatry
  18. ResolutionIdolatrous pouring is also called a libation