Pesachim 33a

פסחים ל״ג ע״א

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Topic

The source and minimum amount for deliberate מעילה, three readings of the ברייתא's contrast, and why חמץ separated on פסח cannot become תרומה (״לו ולא לאורו״)

Overview

This עמוד continues a discussion from the previous עמוד, where רב חייא בר אבין explained a ברייתא to mean that for מעילה one is liable to death even for less than a כזית. The גמרא identifies the view that deliberate מעילה is punished by death as רבי's view. רבי אבהו explains that רבי learns it from תרומה through the shared word חטא. That link seems to require a כזית for מעילה, but רב פפא answers that רבי may measure תרומה itself by שוה פרוטה, like אבא שאול. The גמרא then concludes that רב פפא retracted a contrary statement of his own. Next, מר בריה דרבנא and רב נחמן בר יצחק each read the ברייתא's contrast differently: מעילה is stricter because one is liable even without intent for that object, or even as a מתעסק. The גמרא then turns to a ruling about תרומה and חמץ. חמץ separated as תרומה on פסח does not become holy, based on ״תתן לו ולא לאורו״. This is limited to grain that never had a שעת הכושר, and רב נחמן בר יצחק affirms that חמץ which leavened after being cut does become תרומה. The עמוד ends as a report from רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע begins; it continues on the next עמוד.

Opening lines

The steps (18)

1. ResponseIdentifying the view that intentional misuse of sacred property is punished by death
2. QuestionAsking for רבי's source
3. Responseרבי learns it from the word חטא in the laws of תרומה
4. ChallengeSo מעילה should need a כזית, just like תרומה
5. Rejectionרב פפא: perhaps רבי holds like אבא שאול about תרומה too
6. Challengeרב פפא himself said אבא שאול requires two conditions
7. ResolutionConclusion: רב פפא changed his mind
8. Resolutionמר בריה דרבנא: in מעילה even acting on the wrong object counts
9. Resolutionרב נחמן בר יצחק: in מעילה even an unaware act counts
10. StatementQuoting the ברייתא: תרומה that became חמץ versus חמץ separated as תרומה
11. QuestionAsking for the source of the rule
12. ResponseGive it to him, not to his fire
13. ChallengeObjection from impure תרומה
14. ResolutionImpure produce once had a time of fitness
15. QuestionWhen did the חמץ never have a time of fitness?
16. QuestionWould חמץ that leavened after cutting become holy?
17. ResponseYes, and the בית המדרש rules this way
18. StatementTransition: when רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע came