Pesachim 56b

פסחים נ״ו ע״ב

Learn Pesachim 56b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 56b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Customs of אנשי יריחו: קצירה, גמזיות של הקדש, פורצין פרצות with the מוקצה debate, and פאה from vegetables

Overview

This amud continues the גמרא's look at the customs of אנשי יריחו from the משנה. First, the גמרא removes קצירה from the list of things the חכמים 'did not protest,' because רבי יהודה holds harvesting had their full approval and the count would otherwise be four instead of three. Next, it explains the dispute over גמזיות של הקדש: the branches are later growth with no מעילה, but the חכמים hold there is still an איסור. On פורצין פרצות, עולא quoting ריש לקיש places the dispute on dates resting on the high branches, where the חכמים fear someone will climb and pick. רבא challenges this, arguing that the fallen dates are מוקצה. עולא answers that whatever is ready for ravens is ready for people, because a person's mind is always on food fit for him. רבין then reports a different version of ריש לקיש, in which the dispute is about the low branches. Finally, the גמרא asks how אנשי יריחו could give פאה from vegetables. רב answers that the case is turnip heads, and the dispute is whether storage by means of something else (per רש״י, the leaves kept with the bulbs) counts as storage. Two ברייתות about giving פאה from turnips, cabbage, and leeks close the amud.

Opening lines

The steps (20)

1. Challengeרבי יהודה says harvesting had the Sages' full approval
2. ChallengeThe count would become four instead of three
3. ResolutionRemove harvesting from the list
4. Statementאנשי יריחו permitted consecrated carob and sycamore branches
5. ResponseLater growth carries no מעילה
6. StatementNo מעילה, but still an איסור
7. StatementThe dispute concerns dates on the upper branches
8. StatementDates on the lower branches are permitted by all
9. Challengeרבא: the fallen dates are מוקצה
10. ResolutionPossible defense: the dates were fit for ravens
11. ProofFood ready for people is not ready for dogs
12. RejectionFood ready for ravens cannot be ready for people
13. ResolutionReadiness moves up to people but not down to dogs
14. Statementרבין's different version of ריש לקיש
15. StatementQuoting the next custom of אנשי יריחו
16. ChallengeChallenge from the general rule of פאה
17. ProofWhat each condition excludes, ending with vegetables
18. ResolutionThe case is turnip heads kept by means of something else
19. ProofLong ago people gave פאה from turnips and cabbage
20. StatementA second ברייתא lists turnips and leeks