Pesachim 5b

פסחים ה׳ ע״ב

Learn Pesachim 5b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 5b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

רבי עקיבא's three rules, the ברייתא on בל יראה and בל ימצא, and when a גוי's חמץ in a Jew's care is forbidden

Overview

The amud opens by listing three rules that follow from רבי עקיבא's earlier proof: ביעור חמץ is only by burning, הבערה לחלק יצאת, and we do not apply מתוך to allow burning on יום טוב that is not for food. Next comes a ברייתא that asks why the Torah needs both בל יראה and בל ימצא. Using the words לך, בבתיכם and בכל גבולך, it rules that your own חמץ is forbidden, including hidden חמץ and deposits taken from a גוי, while the חמץ of others and of הקדש is not your concern. A גזירה שוה on the word 'שאור' then makes houses and borders follow the same rules. The גמרא goes back to one line of the ברייתא about a conquered גוי who lives with you. אביי reverses the line, and רבא reads it as a leniency based on the double ״לְךָ״. Then the גמרא resolves an apparent contradiction about a גוי's deposits: they are forbidden only when the Jew accepted אחריות, as רבא told the people of מחוזא. The גמרא asks how this works for the view that דבר הגורם לממון is not like ממון, and answers that ״לֹא יִמָּצֵא״ makes חמץ an exception. A second version of that discussion begins at the end of the amud and continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (23)

1. ConclusionThree rules learned from רבי עקיבא's proof
2. QuestionWhy does the Torah need 'shall not be found'?
3. Response'Shall not be found' forbids hidden chametz and deposits from a gentile
4. QuestionWhat about a gentile under your control living in your courtyard?
5. Response'In your houses' includes even the gentile living with you
6. QuestionWhat about chametz outside the house?
7. Response'In all your borders' covers every place you own
8. QuestionThe house rules and the border rules look different
9. ResponseA גזירה שוה brings the strict house rules to the borders
10. ResponseThe same גזירה שוה brings the border leniency into the house
11. StatementQuoting the ברייתא about a conquered gentile
12. ChallengeThe order seems backwards
13. Resolutionאביי: Reverse the order
14. Resolutionרבא: Keep the order. The line is about a leniency
15. ChallengeHow can a prohibition verse teach a leniency?
16. ResolutionThe double ״לְךָ״ attaches to ״לֹא יִמָּצֵא״
17. StatementThe ברייתא forbids hiding חמץ or accepting חמץ deposits from gentiles
18. ChallengeContradiction with the earlier clause that allows other people's chametz
19. ResolutionThe difference is whether he accepted responsibility
20. Proofרבא's instruction to the people of מחוזא
21. ChallengeWhat about the view that a cause of monetary loss is not like money?
22. ResolutionChametz is different because the verse says 'it shall not be found'
23. ChallengeSecond version: the answer fits the view that a cause of monetary loss is not money