Pesachim 64a

פסחים ס״ד ע״א

Learn Pesachim 64a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 64a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The איסור of offering a קרבן while owning חמץ (sources and contradictions), and the משנה's description of how the קרבן פסח was slaughtered in three groups.

Overview

The amud opens by settling two contradictions between ברייתות about offering a קרבן while owning חמץ. Both ברייתות follow רבי שמעון. The מליקה difference is about timing: the fourteenth of ניסן versus חול המועד. The הקטרה difference is a dispute among תנאים over whether burning is compared to slaughtering. The גמרא then explains the sources in the משנה: רבי יהודה reads זבחי as the תמיד, and רבי שמעון reads the doubled זבחי as "זבח" and "זבחיי" to split the fourteenth from the festival. Next it challenges רבי שמעון's ruling about a פסח slaughtered during the festival, since that ruling seems to imply that a פסח needs עקירה to become a שלמים. רבי חייא בר גמדא answers that the case is owners who were deferred to פסח שני. A new משנה then describes the slaughter of the פסח in three groups: the trumpet blasts, the rows of כהנים passing the blood, the saying of הלל, what changes on שבת, and how the animals were hung and skinned. It ends as רבי אליעזר begins a statement that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (26)

1. ChallengeTwo contradictions between the ברייתות
2. RejectionThe second ברייתא contradicts itself if read as one case
3. Resolutionמליקה: the fourteenth of ניסן versus חול המועד
4. Resolutionהקטרה: a dispute among תנאים
5. QuestionWhat is the source for רבי יהודה's view about the תמיד?
6. Response"My sacrifice" means the offering set aside for ה׳: the תמיד
7. QuestionWhat is the source for רבי שמעון's view?
8. Responseזבחי is written twice, so read it as "זבח" and "זבחיי"
9. QuestionWhy did the Torah split the words instead of just writing "My sacrifices"?
10. ResponseWhen the פסח is offered, only the פסח counts; when it is not, all sacrifices count
11. StatementReading closely into the ruling about a פסח slaughtered during the festival
12. ChallengeWhy should an unspecified פסח not count as a שלמים?
13. ChallengeSo a פסח during the year would need active uprooting
14. ResolutionThe case is owners who were impure and pushed off to פסח שני
15. StatementNew משנה: the פסח is slaughtered in three groups
16. StatementThe first group enters and the trumpets sound
17. Statementכהנים stand in rows with silver and gold bowls
18. StatementThe bowls had no flat bases
19. StatementThe blood is passed down a line of כהנים to the altar
20. StatementThe second and third groups follow the same order
21. StatementThey said הלל while slaughtering, repeating if needed
22. Statementרבי יהודה: the third group never reached אהבתי
23. StatementOn שבת it is the same, but the floor is washed
24. Statementרבי יהודה: a cup of the mixed blood was thrown on the מזבח
25. StatementHow the animals were hung and skinned
26. Statementרבי אליעזר begins a view about the fourteenth on שבת