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Pesachim 67a

פסחים ס״ז ע״א

Learn Pesachim 67a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 67a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

How a communal פסח is brought בטומאה (only for טומאת מת), whether a מצורע gets מלקות for entering a forbidden camp, and the three camps for impure people

Overview

This amud opens with the end of ריש לקיש's proof that when most of the people are טמא מת, the קרבן פסח is still brought בטומאה. He reads the extra mention of זבין and מצורעים in the verse about sending impure people out of the camp as hinting to a פסח הבא בטומאה. אביי shows that the same method would let זבין take part, which a משנה forbids. So אביי goes back to רבי יוחנן's verse. There, the word איש teaches that an individual is pushed off to פסח שני. The word לנפש teaches that a ציבור brings the פסח בטומאה only when the impurity is טומאת מת. Next, רב חסדא rules that a מצורע who enters a forbidden camp gets no מלקות, because the Torah turned his לאו into an עשה. A ברייתא says he gets ארבעים, and the גמרא answers that this is a dispute between רבי יהודה and רבי שמעון, with רב חסדא following רבי שמעון. Finally, the גמרא tests רבי שמעון's claim that a זב is more severe than a טמא מת and a טמא שרץ. The answer to the last challenge continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

אֶלָּא יֵשׁ לְךָ שָׁעָה

Rather, you have a time

שֶׁזָּבִין וּמְצוֹרָעִין מִשְׁתַּלְּחִין

when zavin and lepers are sent out

וְאֵין טְמֵאֵי מֵתִים מִשְׁתַּלְּחִין,

but those impure from a corpse are not sent out,

וְאֵיזֶה זֶה —

and which time is this?

The steps (19)

  1. Statementריש לקיש's conclusion: טמאי מתים are not sent out for a פסח brought בטומאה
  2. Challengeאביי: the same logic would make the leper the only one excluded
  3. ChallengeA משנה proves זבים may not eat from a פסח brought בטומאה
  4. Statementאביי returns to רבי יוחנן's verse and asks why it says 'by reason of a corpse'
  5. ResolutionA first suggestion: לנפש means only a טמא מת gets פסח שני
  6. ChallengeA ברייתא shows all impure people get פסח שני, so why write לנפש?
  7. ResolutionThe real meaning: an individual is pushed off, but an impure community brings the פסח only in טומאת מת
  8. Statementרב חסדא: a מצורע who enters a forbidden area gets no lashes
  9. StatementExplaining the verse: the Torah turned the prohibition into a positive command
  10. ChallengeA ברייתא says a מצורע who enters gets lashes
  11. ResolutionIt is a dispute of תנאים: רבי יהודה's view
  12. Statementרבי שמעון learns the second camp from the word זב
  13. StatementThe extra word מצורע gives a third camp
  14. ConclusionSo בדד ישב makes it a positive command, which fits רב חסדא
  15. QuestionWhy is a זב more severe than a טמא מת?
  16. ChallengeA טמא מת seems more severe because he needs sprinkling
  17. ResolutionThe verse includes a טמא שרץ, and a זב is clearly more severe than him
  18. QuestionHow is a זב more severe than a טמא שרץ?
  19. ChallengeA שרץ may be more severe because it makes a person impure even by accident