Pesachim 80b

פסחים פ׳ ע״ב

Learn Pesachim 80b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 80b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Impure communities and פסח שני, and when the ציץ atones for impurity of the offering, the owner, or the כהן (including טומאת התהום)

Overview

This amud opens by finishing an earlier dispute: does only a פסח brought in טהרה push others off to פסח שני, or does one brought in טומאה do so too? Next, רבי מני בר פטיש rules on a community split into thirds: זבין, people who are pure, and טמאי מתים. The טמאי מתים lose both the first פסח and פסח שני, because the זבין are counted differently for each date. A new משנה then teaches that the ציץ makes up for impurity of the offering's blood or meat, but not for impurity of the person's body. The exception is טומאת התהום, a hidden impurity. The גמרא reads the משנה's wording closely and raises a contradiction from a ברייתא. רבינא and רבי שילא resolve it in two different ways. רמי בר חמא then asks whether the טומאת התהום leniency also covers the כהן. רבא tries to prove from רבי חייא that it does, and רב יוסף rejects the proof. The amud ends with a challenge to רב יוסף from רבי יוסי's ruling about a שומרת יום כנגד יום, which continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (23)

1. ResponseThe root of the dispute: does an impure פסח push others to פסח שני?
2. StatementA community split into thirds: רבי מני בר פטיש's ruling
3. StatementWhy the טמאי מתים cannot bring the first פסח
4. ConclusionWhy the טמאי מתים also cannot bring פסח שני
5. StatementNew משנה: the ציץ atones for an impure offering but not an impure person
6. StatementThe source rule: נזיר and פסח share the same ציץ limit
7. StatementHidden impurity of the deep: the ציץ still works
8. StatementReading the משנה closely: timing of discovery matters
9. ChallengeA ברייתא says the ציץ atones even when done on purpose
10. Resolutionרבינא separates becoming impure from throwing the blood
11. Resolutionרבי שילא: Throwing Is Always Accepted, but Becoming Impure on Purpose Is Not
12. ResolutionHow רבי שילא Reads the ברייתא's Words
13. RejectionThe Earlier Inference from the משנה Is Rejected
14. ResolutionWhy the משנה Still Said 'Thrown and Afterward Known'
15. QuestionDoes hidden impurity get the leniency for the priest too?
16. Proofרבא brings a teaching that the leniency is only for corpse impurity
17. QuestionWho is the case of hidden creeping-animal impurity about?
18. RejectionIt cannot be about a נזיר owner
19. ResponsePerhaps it is about the owner of a פסח offering
20. ChallengeUnder the other view, known creeping-animal impurity is already allowed
21. ProofSo the ruling must be about the priest
22. Rejectionרב יוסף: it is about owners bringing a פסח
23. ChallengeChallenge from רבי יוסי's ruling on a זבה