Pesachim 87a

פסחים פ״ז ע״א

Learn Pesachim 87a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 87a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Whose קרבן פסח a person eats from when two people slaughtered for him, and the אגדה that follows on שיר השירים, תהלים and the prophet הושע

Overview

The משנה lists cases where two different people slaughtered a קרבן פסח for the same person. A married woman eats from her husband's. On the first רגל, at her father's house, she may choose. An orphan may choose between his guardians, but a slave of two partners eats from neither, and a half-slave does not eat from his master's. The גמרא asks whether the woman's choice proves ברירה, and answers no, because she chose by the time of the שחיטה. A ברייתא seems to contradict the משנה, and the גמרא answers that it depends on whether the bride is eager to go to her father's house. This leads to אגדה on פסוקים from שיר השירים and תהלים praising Torah scholars and the pure youth of ישראל. Then the גמרא turns to ספר הושע: הושע was the first of four prophets in his era. When he suggested replacing ישראל, ה׳ had him marry גמר to teach him that one never sends away one's own family. The explanation of her name continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (29)

1. StatementA married woman eats from her husband's פסח
2. StatementFirst festival at her father's house: she may choose
3. StatementAn orphan with several guardians may choose
4. StatementA slave of two partners eats from neither
5. StatementA half-slave does not eat from his master's פסח
6. QuestionDoes the woman's choice prove retroactive clarification?
7. RejectionNo proof: she chose at the time of slaughter
8. ChallengeA ברייתא seems to contradict the משנה
9. ResolutionIt depends on whether she is eager to go to her father's house
10. ProofA verse showing that a new bride is eager to go to her father's house
11. ProofA second verse comparing a bride in her father-in-law's house and in her father's house
12. StatementThe little sister with no breasts: עילם learned but did not teach
13. Statement'I am a wall' means the Torah, and the towers are Torah scholars
14. Statementרבא's reading: the wall is the Jewish people, and the towers are shuls and study halls
15. Statementרב quotes a verse about sons like plants and daughters like corners
16. StatementSons like plants are young men who never sinned
17. StatementDaughters like corners are young women faithful to their future husbands
18. ProofProof from זכריה that corners are filled
19. ProofSecond proof from the next verse in תהלים
20. ConclusionBoth groups count as if the Temple was built in their days
21. StatementFour prophets in one era, and הושע was the eldest
22. ProofProof that הושע came first
23. ChallengeBut many prophets came before הושע
24. Resolutionרבי יוחנן: first among the four prophets of that era
25. Statementה׳ tells הושע that his children have sinned
26. Statementהושע suggests replacing the Jewish people
27. Statementה׳'s plan to teach הושע a lesson
28. ProofThe verses in הושע that show this plan
29. Statementרב explains the name גמר