Pesachim 90b

פסחים צ׳ ע״ב

Learn Pesachim 90b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 90b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Slaughtering the קרבן פסח for someone still טמא on ערב פסח: רב and עולא on the טמא שרץ, the זב and זבה, and why a נדה qualifies only on her eighth day

Overview

This amud opens with the end of רב's ruling: we may not slaughter the קרבן פסח for a טמא שרץ, while עולא says we may. The גמרא works out רב's principle. A טבול יום is included because the sun sets by itself. A מחוסר כפורים is included because his birds are ready, or already handed to the כהנים, whom we trust like רב שמעיה. A טמא שרץ is excluded because he still has to immerse himself. A contradiction with another ruling of רב leads the גמרא to say that, for רב, a טמא שרץ is unfit by Torah law. The proof is the desert טמאים on their seventh day, following רבי יצחק. The גמרא then defends רב from a משנה about a זב on his seventh day, and debates whether the זב there had already immersed. Next, a ברייתא saying we slaughter for a זבה (or, in רבינא's version, a נדה) on her seventh day is corrected to 'eighth day.' For the נדה, the point is that she immerses only at night after seven full days. The amud ends as a new משנה about an אונן begins.

Opening lines

The steps (42)

1. Statementרב excludes the טמא שרץ, עולא includes him
2. ChallengeWhy is the טבול יום different from the טמא שרץ?
3. ResolutionThe טמא שרץ still lacks immersion
4. ChallengeThe טבול יום also lacks something: sunset
5. ResolutionThe sun sets by itself
6. ChallengeThe מחוסר כפורים still lacks an action
7. ResolutionHis birds are already in his hand
8. ChallengeThe impure person can also fix his status right away
9. ResolutionHe might be careless and not immerse
10. ChallengeThe same worry should apply to the one lacking atonement
11. ResolutionHe already handed his birds to the court
12. ProofSupport from רב שמעיה: the כהנים finish everything the same day
13. ChallengeThis clashes with רב's other ruling about making someone impure
14. ResolutionFor רב, a טמא שרץ is unfit even by Torah law
15. ProofProof from the impure person whose seventh day falls on ערב פסח
16. QuestionHow do we know the verse is about people whose seventh day was ערב פסח?
17. Responseרב follows רבי יצחק: the desert טמאים were on their seventh day
18. ChallengeChallenge from the משנה about a זב on his seventh day
19. ResolutionThe משנה is about a זב who already immersed
20. ChallengeIf he already immersed, what is the משנה teaching?
21. ResolutionThe new idea: sunset happens by itself
22. ProofSupport from the last clause of the משנה
23. ProofIf he already immersed, the last clause is needed
24. ProofWhat the last clause teaches: missing a קרבן does not block the פסח
25. ChallengeIf he had not immersed, the last clause is unnecessary
26. ProofA קל וחומר makes the last clause unnecessary
27. ProofProposed conclusion that the two-sighting זב had already immersed
28. RejectionRejecting the proof: the two-sighting זב may not have immersed
29. ResolutionWhy the סיפא is needed: the זב depends on the כהנים
30. StatementA ברייתא says we slaughter for a זבה on her seventh day
31. ChallengeA זבה on her seventh day is not fit to eat
32. ResolutionCorrecting the ברייתא to read 'eighth day'
33. ChallengeIsn't the eighth-day ruling for a זבה obvious?
34. ResolutionIt teaches that we trust the כהנים to bring her offering
35. Statementרבינא: the ברייתא was really about a נדה
36. ChallengeA נדה is not fit on her seventh day
37. ResolutionCorrect the text to 'eighth day'
38. ChallengeWhy teach the obvious for a נדה?
39. ResolutionThe ברייתא mentions a נדה to teach: eighth day yes, seventh day no
40. ProofMost people immerse by day, but a נדה and a יולדת immerse at night
41. ProofThe פסוק source: she stays a נדה for all seven full days
42. StatementA new משנה opens with the case of a mourner