Pesachim 95a

פסחים צ״ה ע״א

Learn Pesachim 95a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 95a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

How פסח שני differs from פסח ראשון, and which laws of the first פסח carry over to the second.

Overview

The משנה lists how פסח שני differs from פסח ראשון: on פסח שני you may own חמץ, and no הלל is said at the meal. It also lists what the two share: הלל at the slaughter, eating the meat roasted with מצה and מרור, and overriding שבת. The גמרא brings a ברייתא showing that only the מצוות of the קרבן itself carry over to פסח שני, along with מצה and מרור eaten with it. The ban on breaking a bone sets this limit. איסי בן יהודה learns the same limit from the words 'יעשו אותו'. The גמרא then shows how each side uses the other's words: 'עצם' teaches that every bone is included, and 'יעשו' teaches that a פסח is not slaughtered for one person alone. A second ברייתא shows that positive מצוות, fixable prohibitions, and full prohibitions of the קרבן all apply on פסח שני. The גמרא then reads each phrase of the פסוק as both including and excluding: roasting and 'לא תוציא' are included, while removing חמץ and בל יראה are excluded, because a מצוה of the קרבן itself is preferred. The same analysis of 'עצם לא ישברו בו' begins at the end of the amud and continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (32)

1. StatementFirst difference: owning חמץ
2. StatementSecond difference: הלל while eating
3. StatementWhat both פסח offerings share
4. StatementOnly laws of the offering itself carry over
5. QuestionWhat about laws attached to the offering?
6. ResponseMatzah and maror are stated explicitly
7. QuestionMaybe even unrelated laws apply?
8. ResponseBreaking a bone sets the limit
9. Statementאיסי בן יהודה: the word 'it' is enough
10. ChallengeHow could anyone think unrelated מצוות apply?
11. ResolutionOnce מצה and מרור were added, a broad reading became possible
12. QuestionWhat does איסי בן יהודה do with the word 'bone'?
13. Response'Bone' includes bones with and without marrow
14. QuestionWhat do the רבנן do with 'they shall perform it'?
15. ResponseNo פסח slaughtered for one person if others can be found
16. StatementA ברייתא: פסח שני has no ban on owning חמץ
17. QuestionWhere do we learn that prohibitions also carry over?
18. QuestionWhere do we learn that a full prohibition carries over?
19. ConclusionFrom the three examples, every similar מצוה is included
20. QuestionWhat does 'מצות ומרורים' include?
21. ResponseIt includes roasting over fire
22. QuestionWhat does 'מצות ומרורים' exclude?
23. ResponseIt excludes getting rid of חמץ
24. ChallengeWhy not reverse the two?
25. ResolutionA מצוה of the קרבן itself is stronger
26. QuestionWhat does the general side of 'leave none of it until morning' include?
27. ResponseIt includes the ban on taking the meat out
28. QuestionWhat does the specific side exclude?
29. ResponseIt excludes the bans on owning חמץ
30. ChallengeWhy not switch which law is included and which is excluded?
31. ResolutionA מצוה about the קרבן itself is preferred
32. QuestionStarting the next phrase: 'do not break a bone in it'