Pesachim 98b

פסחים צ״ח ע״ב

Learn Pesachim 98b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Pesachim 98b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Mixed-up and lost קרבנות פסח: מביאין קדשים לבית הפסול, the agent sent to find a lost פסח, and swapping registrations for mixed-up פסחים

Overview

The amud opens with the גמרא on a פסח that got mixed up with בכורות. It asks how רבי שמעון can let the whole mixture be eaten under the stricter rules of a פסח, since that shrinks the בכור's eating time. The answer is that רבי שמעון holds מביאין קדשים לבית הפסול, as he rules when an אשם is mixed with שלמים. The רבנן forbid this, so רבא gives their solution: wait for a blemish, transfer the פסח's holiness onto a fat animal, and eat the rest as a בכור בעל מום. A new משנה then deals with a group that lost its פסח and sent one member to find it while they slaughtered a replacement. Who eats from which animal depends on who told whom to slaughter on their behalf and on which animal was slaughtered first. When the order is unknown, the animal in doubt is burned, but no one needs פסח שני. The משנה then explains how groups, and also two individuals, whose פסחים got mixed up can trade members and make an 'if it's ours, if it's yours' declaration. The גמרא begins with a ברייתא on the agent case that matches the משנה.

Opening lines

The steps (19)

1. ChallengeChallenge: Eating the animals as a פסח causes needless disqualification
2. ResolutionAnswer: רבי שמעון follows his own view
3. ProofSource: A guilt-offering mixed with peace-offerings
4. StatementThe רבנן disagree: One may not cause disqualification
5. QuestionQuestion: What do the רבנן do with the mixture?
6. Responseרבא's solution: Wait for a blemish and transfer the פסח's holiness
7. StatementThe group sends one member to find and slaughter their lost פסח
8. StatementFirst version: nobody knows which animal was slaughtered first
9. StatementSecond version: he asks the group to slaughter for him if he is late
10. StatementSecond version: nobody knows which animal was slaughtered first
11. StatementBoth sides asked each other to slaughter
12. StatementNeither side asked the other
13. StatementTwo groups whose animals got mixed up
14. StatementThe two-sided declaration
15. StatementThe same method for five groups
16. StatementTwo individuals whose פסחים got mixed up: each brings in an outsider
17. StatementThe swap declaration between the two individuals
18. StatementThe גמרא opens: a ברייתא says that when both sides gave permission, he eats from the first
19. StatementThe ברייתא continues: without permission, no one is responsible for the other