Gemara Clarity

Sanhedrin 109b

סנהדרין ק״ט ע״ב

Learn Sanhedrin 109b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The cruelty of סדום, then the מרגלים and עדת קרח and their share in עולם הבא

Overview

This amud finishes the stories about the cruelty of סדום. An orphan turns their unfair herding rule against them. The גמרא then lists more of their twisted laws, names their four corrupt judges, and shows how a beaten launderer is ordered to pay his attacker. אליעזר עבד אברהם beats their system three times: with the judge, with the bed, and at the wedding. The worst story is a young woman killed for secretly feeding the poor, and רב reads the 'great cry' of סדום as being about her. The גמרא then returns to the משנה: the מרגלים have no share in עולם הבא, and תנאים argue about whether עדת קרח does. Finally, the גמרא reads the names in the פסוק about קרח and his partners as hints, and begins רב's story of how און בן פלת's wife saved him. That story continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

דְּאִית לֵיהּ תּוֹרָא –

One who has an ox –

נִשְׁקוֹל חַד מַשְׁכָּא,

let him take one hide,

דְּלֵית לֵיהּ תּוֹרָא –

one who does not have an ox –

נִשְׁקוֹל תְּרֵי מַשְׁכֵּי.

let him take two hides.

The steps (31)

  1. StatementThe orphan's ruling on the hides
  2. QuestionThe people ask what this means
  3. ResponseThe end matches the beginning
  4. StatementThe ferry fee rule
  5. StatementStealing one piece at a time
  6. StatementThe four judges of סדום
  7. StatementThe judges' twisted rulings
  8. StatementThe raised river-crossing fee
  9. StatementThe launderer is charged and beaten
  10. ConclusionThe judge makes the victim pay twice
  11. Statementאליעזר is wounded and the judge orders him to pay
  12. Conclusionאליעזר wounds the judge and turns the ruling around
  13. StatementThe beds of סדום that cut or stretched guests
  14. Conclusionאליעזר escapes the bed with a vow
  15. StatementFake charity that starved the poor
  16. StatementThe wedding rule: whoever invites a guest loses his cloak
  17. Statementאליעזר arrives at the wedding and is challenged
  18. Conclusionאליעזר chases out every guest and eats the meal
  19. StatementThe young woman who secretly fed the poor
  20. ConclusionThe cry of סדום was over the young woman
  21. StatementThe מרגלים have no share in עולם הבא
  22. Statementרבי עקיבא: עדת קרח has no share in עולם הבא
  23. Statementרבי אליעזר‎: ה׳ brings down and raises up
  24. StatementA ברייתא repeats רבי עקיבא's view on עדת קרח
  25. Statementרבי יהודה בן בתירא: Like a lost object that is searched for
  26. Statementריש לקיש reads קרח's family names as hints
  27. QuestionWhy not also read 'son of יעקב'?
  28. Responseיעקב prayed not to be listed with קרח
  29. StatementReading the names of דתן, אבירם and און
  30. Statementרב: און's wife saved him
  31. Statementאון's oath and his wife's plan