Gemara Clarity

Shabbos 101a

שבת ק״א ע״א

Shabbat 101a

Learn Shabbos 101a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 101a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Carrying between a boat and the sea on שבת, רב הונא's ruling on the small boats of מישן, and the debate over גוד אחית מחיצתא (extending a partition downward).

Overview

The גמרא first examines רבי יהודה's ruling that one may carry from a deep boat into the sea but not from the sea into the boat. Since both directions move objects between a רשות היחיד and a כרמלית, it explains that the permitted direction works by placing the object on the boat's rim so it falls into the sea by itself. This teaches that the חכמים did not forbid כחו בכרמלית. Next, רב הונא rules that the narrow-bottomed boats of מישן are not a רשות היחיד, with two exceptions. רב נחמן challenges him with גוד אחית מחיצתא, citing a ברייתא about a basket on a pole. רב יוסף replies that the חכמים exempt in that case, and אביי answers with a ברייתא about a column that does use גוד אחית מחיצתא. אביי then separates the cases: goats walk under a basket, but not under a boat. Fish swim under a boat, but רב אשי rules that fish passing through does not count. A source for this from רבי טבלא's question about a מחיצה תלויה begins here and is completed on the next amud.

Opening lines

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר:

Rabbi Yehuda says:

עֲמוּקָּה עֲשָׂרָה, וְאֵין גְּבוֹהָה עֲשָׂרָה —

If it (the boat) is ten deep, but not ten high (above the water) —

מִטַּלְטְלִין מִתּוֹכָהּ לַיָּם,

one may carry from inside it into the sea,

אֲבָל לֹא מִן הַיָּם לְתוֹכָהּ.

but not from the sea into it.

The steps (15)

  1. Statementרבי יהודה on carrying between a deep boat and the sea
  2. ChallengeWhy should the two directions be different?
  3. ResolutionThrowing onto the rim: indirect force in a כרמלית
  4. ConclusionConclusion: indirect force in a כרמלית is permitted
  5. Statementרב הונא: the small boats of מישן are not a private domain
  6. StatementLimit: if the boat widens to four within three טפחים
  7. StatementLimit: if the bottom is filled with reeds and branches
  8. Challengeרב נחמן: why not extend the walls downward?
  9. ProofProof from the basket on a pole
  10. Rejectionרב יוסף: the חכמים disagree with that ברייתא
  11. Proofאביי: proof from the column that גוד אחית מחיצתא is accepted
  12. RejectionThe basket case is not like the boat: goats walk under one but not the other
  13. ChallengeBut fish swim under the boat
  14. ResolutionFish passing through does not count
  15. ProofA source: רבי טבלא asks about a hanging wall in a ruin