Gemara Clarity

Shabbos 100b

שבת ק׳ ע״ב

Shabbat 100b

Learn Shabbos 100b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 100b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Throwing in the sea and in swamps, carrying between boats, and drawing sea water onto a boat on שבת

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a discussion of רבא's ruling that a thrown object creates liability only once it actually lands. מרימר explains that this teaches something new, because an object flying close to the ground is sure to land, unlike a rolling object. A new משנה teaches that throwing four אמות in the sea is פטור, but throwing four אמות in a shallow swamp that the public walks through is חייב. The גמרא asks why the משנה mentions 'swamp' twice. רבא says it covers summer and winter, אביי says it covers even a wide swamp, and רב אשי says it covers even a very narrow one. רב אשי's view fits his own ruling about bridge beams. A second משנה rules that throwing between sea, land and boats is פטור, and that one may carry between boats only if they are tied together. The גמרא then brings a dispute about how to draw sea water onto a boat on שבת. רב הונא requires only a small projection, while רב חסדא and רבה בר רב הונא require a four-by-four area. Each view is challenged and defended, ending with the rule that the Sages did not forbid indirect force (כחו) in a כרמלית. A ברייתא is brought as proof, and it continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

לָאו הַיְינוּ מַתְנִיתִין,

Isn't that our Mishnah,

וְאָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן:

and Rabbi Yochanan said about it:

וְהוּא שֶׁנָּח עַל גַּבֵּי מַשֶּׁהוּ.

and that is only when it came to rest on top of something.

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: מִתְגַּלְגֵּל קָאָמְרַתְּ —

He (Mareimar) said to him: You are talking about a rolling object?

The steps (24)

  1. ChallengeIsn't this already our משנה?
  2. ResolutionA rolling object is different from one flying close to the ground
  3. Statementמשנה: throwing in the sea versus throwing in a shallow swamp
  4. Statementמשנה repeats the swamp ruling
  5. ChallengeWhy does the משנה say 'swamp' twice?
  6. Resolutionרבא: one is for summer, one is for winter
  7. ResolutionWhy both seasons need to be taught
  8. Resolutionאביי: one is for a narrow swamp, one is for a wide swamp
  9. Resolutionרב אשי: The repetition teaches that even a narrow swamp counts
  10. Proofרב אשי is consistent: the bridge beam ruling
  11. Statementמשנה: Throwing between sea, land and boats is exempt
  12. Statementמשנה: Carrying between boats depends on whether they are tied
  13. StatementDispute: How to draw sea water onto a boat on שבת
  14. Statementרב הונא's reasoning: the air above the sea is a מקום פטור
  15. StatementWhy רב חסדא and רבה בר רב הונא require a four-by-four area
  16. ChallengeChallenge to רב הונא: what if the water is shallow?
  17. ResolutionBoats do not sail in water shallower than ten טפחים
  18. ChallengeBut the front of the boat can reach shallow water
  19. ResolutionDepth-measurers walk ahead of the boat
  20. QuestionHow does he pour out waste water according to רב חסדא?
  21. ResponseHe pours it onto the boat's side wall
  22. ChallengeBut the water still reaches the sea by his force
  23. ResolutionNo decree against indirect force in a כרמלית
  24. ProofA ברייתא as the source for the rule about force