Shabbos 107a

שבת ק״ז ע״א

Shabbat 107a

Learn Shabbos 107a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 107a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Guarding an already-trapped animal on שבת and שמואל's three cases of פטור ומותר; the new perek on trapping and wounding the שמונה שרצים and whether they have skin.

Overview

The גמרא opens with רב's ruling: if a bird flew under a person's clothing on שבת, he may sit and guard it until nightfall. It tests this against the משנה of the second person sitting in a doorway where a deer is already trapped. The comparison to locking one's own house proves that he is פטור ומותר (fully permitted), so the משנה supports רב. This is told in two versions: as a challenge that gets answered, and as a proof that survives pushback. שמואל then teaches that every פטור on שבת means פטור אבל אסור, except three cases: the deer, draining an abscess, and trapping a snake so it won't bite. He gives a source for each. The chapter האורג ends, and a new משנה rules on trapping and wounding the שמונה שרצים, other creeping creatures, and animals already in one's possession. The גמרא asks which תנא holds that the שמונה שרצים have skin. שמואל says רבי יוחנן בן נורי, while רב says even the רבנן agree regarding שבת. A ברייתא then challenges רב, and the discussion continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (19)

1. Statementרב: You may guard a bird that flew under your clothing
2. ChallengeObjection from the משנה of the second person in the doorway
3. ResolutionNo: the mishnah means exempt and permitted
4. ProofProof from the משנה's comparison to locking one's house
5. ProofSecond version: the משנה supports רב
6. RejectionPushback: maybe it means exempt but forbidden
7. ProofThe house-locking comparison defeats the pushback
8. Statementשמואל: every exemption on שבת is forbidden, except three
9. ProofFirst exception: the deer, with its source
10. StatementSecond exception: draining an abscess
11. ProofSource: a hand needle may be used to remove a thorn
12. StatementThird exception: trapping a snake to avoid its bite
13. ProofSource: covering a lamp, feces, or a scorpion with a bowl
14. Conclusionהדרן — Closing the chapter of האורג
15. StatementThe משנה: trapping and wounding different creatures
16. QuestionThe משנה assumes the eight creatures have skin. Whose view is that?
17. Responseשמואל: the משנה follows רבי יוחנן בן נורי
18. Responseרב: even the רבנן agree regarding שבת
19. ChallengeChallenge: a ברייתא shows they do argue about Shabbat