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Shabbos 10a

שבת י׳ ע״א

Shabbat 10a

Learn Shabbos 10a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 10a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Stopping a meal for תפלה; preparing for and prioritizing תפלה; when judging begins and ends; mealtimes; praying in a bathhouse

Overview

The amud opens by finishing the question of why someone eating a meal must stop for ערבית but not for מנחה. It gives two reasons: drunkenness at night, and ערבית's long time window. רב ששת objects to the reasoning about loosening one's belt. The גמרא answers from the פסוק 'הכון לקראת אלהיך ישראל', which leads to stories about how אמוראים dressed for תפלה. Next come stories weighing תפלה against תלמוד תורה. The גמרא then defines when a דין begins, and it praises judges who judge truthfully even for one hour. It also discusses until what hour judges sit and the proper mealtime. Finally, רב אדא בר אהבה permits praying in a bathhouse. The גמרא challenges this and narrows it twice, and the last answer continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

הָתָם לָא שְׁכִיחָא שִׁכְרוּת,

There (at Mincha), drunkenness is not common;

הָכָא שְׁכִיחָא שִׁכְרוּת.

here (at Arvit), drunkenness is common.

אִי נָמֵי, בְּמִנְחָה —

Alternatively: with Mincha,

כֵּיוָן דִּקְבִיעָא לַהּ זִימְנָא

since it has a fixed time,

The steps (33)

  1. ResolutionDrunkenness is rare by day but common at night
  2. ResolutionSecond answer: a fixed time keeps a person alert
  3. Challengeרב ששת: Is tying a belt really such a bother?
  4. Challengeרב ששת adds: just pray without the belt
  5. ResolutionA belt is needed: Prepare to greet your God
  6. Statementרבא בר רב הונא wore fine socks to pray
  7. Statementרבא prayed like a servant before his master
  8. Statementרב כהנא changed his style depending on the times
  9. Statementרבא criticizes רב המנונא's long prayer
  10. Resolutionרב המנונא's view: תפלה and תורה have separate times
  11. Statementרבי זירא rebukes רבי ירמיה for rushing to pray
  12. QuestionWhen does a court case officially begin?
  13. ResponseTwo opinions: judges wrapping or litigants speaking
  14. ConclusionThe two opinions describe different situations
  15. Statementרב אמי and רב אסי call people in for judgment
  16. StatementJudges grow weak and are taught a verse about משה
  17. Challengeמשה could not have judged all day
  18. ResolutionEven one hour of true judgment counts like a full day
  19. ProofLinking משה's judging to the days of creation
  20. QuestionUntil when do judges sit?
  21. ResponseJudges sit until mealtime
  22. ProofA verse about ministers eating at the right time
  23. StatementA list of who eats at which hour
  24. Challengeרב פפא says the fourth hour is for everyone
  25. ResolutionThe corrected list of eating hours
  26. StatementEating late is fine if you ate something in the morning
  27. StatementA person may pray in a bathhouse
  28. ChallengeThe three rooms of the bathhouse
  29. ResolutionHe meant an empty bathhouse
  30. ChallengeA bathhouse is forbidden even when empty
  31. Resolutionרב אדא was talking about a brand-new bathhouse
  32. Challengeרבינא's unresolved question about a place designated as a bathroom
  33. ResolutionThe answer begins: bathroom and bathhouse may be different