Shabbos 113a

שבת קי״ג ע״א

Shabbat 113a

Learn Shabbos 113a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Shabbat 113a: Temporary knots on a bucket, moving a weaver's loom parts, folding clothes on שבת, and honoring שבת through dress, walking and speech.

Overview

The amud opens by finishing a point about temporary knots. רב יוסף then rules like רבי אליעזר בן יעקב, and אביי insists on knowing whether חכמים disagree, because Torah is not a song to repeat without understanding. A new משנה allows tying a bucket with a belt but not a rope, while רבי יהודה permits the rope. The גמרא explains that the rope is a weaver's rope, and it settles an apparent contradiction from a ברייתא: רבנן decree only where confusion is likely, and רבי יהודה holds a bow is itself a knot. Next, the גמרא discusses which loom parts may be moved on שבת. Weavers' tools and beams may be moved according to שמואל, but the posts may not, because a person might fill in the holes in his house; רבי יהודה בר ליואי forbids moving the heavy beams. A second משנה deals with folding clothes, making beds, and burning sacrificial fats when שבת and יום הכיפורים fall next to each other. The גמרא limits folding to one person folding a new, white garment when he has nothing else to wear. It then teaches how to honor שבת with clothing, walking and speech, based on a פסוק in ישעיה, and that explanation continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (44)

1. ResolutionEven when one knot is undone, both still count as temporary
2. StatementThe הלכה follows רבי אליעזר בן יעקב
3. Questionאביי asks whether a ruling implies a disagreement
4. Rejectionרב יוסף asks what practical difference it makes
5. ResponseTorah is not a song to repeat without understanding
6. Statementמשנה: tying a bucket with a belt or a rope
7. Statementרבי יהודה's rule: no liability for a temporary knot
8. QuestionWhat kind of rope does the משנה mean?
9. ChallengeA regular rope would make a permanent knot
10. ResolutionIt means a weaver's rope
11. QuestionSo the dispute is about making a rabbinic decree
12. ChallengeA ברייתא shows the opinions reversed
13. ChallengeStating the double contradiction
14. ResolutionAnswering for רבנן: a rope is confused with a rope, but a bow is not confused with a knot
15. ResolutionAnswering for רבי יהודה: to him a bow is itself a knot
16. Statementרב: one may bring a rope from home and tie it between a cow and a trough
17. ChallengeA ברייתא forbids bringing a rope from home
18. ResolutionThe ברייתא means an ordinary rope; רב means a weaver's rope
19. Statementשמואל: weavers' tools may be moved on שבת
20. QuestionAsking about the upper and lower beams of the loom
21. Responseרב יהודה is unsure
22. Conclusionרב נחמן's report: even the beams may be moved, but not the posts
23. Challengeרבא asks why the posts are forbidden
24. ProofProof from turnips buried under a vine
25. ResolutionA field is different from a house
26. Questionרבי יוחנן asks about the heavy loom beams
27. ResponseThe beams may not be moved
28. QuestionWhat is the reason?
29. ResponseThey are never moved anyway
30. StatementNew משנה: folding garments and making beds
31. Statementרבי ישמעאל: from יום הכיפורים to שבת
32. Statementרבי עקיבא: neither direction
33. StatementFolding is allowed only by one person
34. StatementOnly new garments
35. StatementOnly white garments
36. ConclusionOnly if he has nothing else to wear
37. Proofרבן גמליאל's household did not fold their white clothes
38. Statementרב הונא: change clothes, or let your clothes hang loose
39. Challengeרב ספרא: doesn't this look like arrogance?
40. ResolutionIt is clearly for שבת, so it is not arrogance
41. Statement'And you shall honor it': שבת clothes should differ from weekday clothes
42. Statement'Not doing your ways': שבת walking should differ from weekday walking
43. Statement'From pursuing your affairs': your business is forbidden, Heaven's affairs are permitted
44. Statement'And speaking a word': setting up the next explanation