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Shabbos 132a

שבת קל״ב ע״א

Shabbat 132a

Learn Shabbos 132a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

The sources that מילה, and for רבי אליעזר its preparations, override שבת

Overview

This amud first finishes רבי אליעזר's view. His source that מילה and its preparations override שבת is the פסוק 'וביום השמיני ימול', and other cases cannot learn from מילה because thirteen בריתות make it unique. The גמרא then asks where we learn that מילה itself overrides שבת, which everyone agrees to. עולא and רבי יצחק say it is a הלכה. That answer is rejected, because רבי אלעזר בן עזריה builds a קל וחומר from מילה to פיקוח נפש, and he holds that no קל וחומר can be built from a הלכה. רבי אלעזר then suggests a גזירה שוה from אות, then ברית, then דורות. Each one fails because of תפילין, an adult's מילה, and ציצית. רב נחמן בר יצחק concludes that all three words together are needed. רבי יוחנן learns it from 'ביום' and defends it against ריש לקיש. רב אחא בר יעקב's source, 'שמיני', is rejected, and a ברייתא supports רבי יוחנן. Finally, רבא questions the flow of that ברייתא, and the גמרא begins rereading it with a קל וחומר from צרעת that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

שֶׁכֵּן אִם עָבַר זְמַנָּהּ בָּטְלָה.

for if its time passes, it is void.

אֶלָּא הַיְינוּ טַעְמָא דְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר,

Rather, this is the reason of Rabbi Eliezer:

דְּאָמַר קְרָא:

for the verse says:

״וּבַיּוֹם הַשְּׁמִינִי יִמּוֹל בְּשַׂר עׇרְלָתוֹ״,

"And on the eighth day the flesh of his foreskin shall be circumcised"

The steps (34)

  1. RejectionThose Temple services are void once their time passes
  2. ResponseA verse is the real source for רבי אליעזר
  3. ChallengeWhy not write it only by מילה and learn the rest from it?
  4. Resolutionמילה is too special to teach other cases
  5. QuestionWhere do we learn that מילה itself overrides שבת?
  6. Responseעולא and רבי יצחק: it is a הלכה
  7. ChallengeChallenge: a ברייתא builds a קל וחומר from מילה
  8. ChallengeYou cannot build a קל וחומר from a הלכה
  9. ResponseA new source: the word 'sign' by both מצוות
  10. ChallengeThen תפילין should also override שבת
  11. ResolutionThe real source: the word 'covenant'
  12. ChallengeAn adult's circumcision also has the word covenant
  13. ResolutionSwitching to the word generations
  14. Challengeציצית also has the word generations
  15. Resolutionרב נחמן בר יצחק combines all three words
  16. Statementרבי יוחנן learns from the word on the day
  17. Challengeריש לקיש asks about those still lacking atonement
  18. ResolutionThat verse teaches day and not night
  19. ChallengeThe circumcision verse should also mean day and not night
  20. ResolutionDaytime for circumcision comes from eight days old
  21. ChallengeDaytime for offerings also has its own verse
  22. ResolutionThe extra 'ביום' by מחוסרי כפרה is still needed
  23. Challengeרבינא: then a זר or an אונן should be allowed
  24. ResolutionThe verse brought them back to the normal rules
  25. Statementרב אחא בר יעקב: the word 'eighth' teaches מילה even on שבת
  26. ChallengeBut 'eighth' is needed to rule out day seven
  27. ResolutionDay seven is ruled out by 'בן שמונת ימים'
  28. ChallengeBoth verses are needed, one against day seven and one against day nine
  29. ConclusionConclusion: the source is like רבי יוחנן
  30. ProofA ברייתא supports רבי יוחנן and not רב אחא בר יעקב
  31. Challengeרבא asks why the ברייתא changed its mind without reasons
  32. ResolutionRereading the ברייתא: מילה overrides שבת
  33. QuestionWhy did the ברייתא first accept that reading?
  34. ResponseA קל וחומר begins: צרעת overrides the Temple service