Shabbos 133a

שבת קל״ג ע״א

Shabbat 133a

Learn Shabbos 133a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

מילה overriding other laws: a בהרת, יום טוב, and preparations on שבת

Overview

The גמרא shows that permitting מילה over a בהרת is a dispute between תנאים: רבי יאשיה learns it from the word 'בשר', and רבי יונתן learns it from a קל וחומר from שבת. The גמרא asks why any source is needed, since removing the בהרת is a דבר שאין מתכוין. אביי says the source is needed according to רבי יהודה, and רבא says it is needed even according to רבי שמעון, because this is a פסיק רישיה. Another version places this same discussion on a ברייתא about a rope or pole that indirectly rubs away צרעת. Under אביי's first view, רב עמרם and רב משרשיא explain that ״בשר״ covers a case where the person doing the מילה, even the father when no one else is available, intends to cut the spot. The גמרא then brings four sources for why a late מילה does not override יום טוב, from חזקיה, אביי, רבא, and רב אשי. רב rules like רבי עקיבא that preparations which could have been done before שבת do not override it, and the גמרא explains why this ruling was needed for both מילה and פסח. A new משנה then lists what may be done for a מילה on שבת, and what must be done in an unusual way if it was not prepared beforehand.

Opening lines

The steps (31)

1. StatementThe source is a dispute between תנאים: רבי יאשיה learns it from 'בשר'
2. Statementרבי יונתן: no פסוק is needed, since a קל וחומר from שבת works
3. ChallengeWhy is a verse needed, if cutting the spot is unintended?
4. Resolutionאביי: the verse is needed according to רבי יהודה
5. Resolutionרבא: needed even for רבי שמעון, because this is a פסיק רישיה
6. ChallengeDoes אביי really reject the idea of פסיק רישיה?
7. Resolutionאביי accepted the idea only after hearing it from רבא
8. StatementAnother version places the אביי–רבא debate on a different ברייתא
9. ChallengeWhy is a verse needed if the act is unintentional?
10. Resolutionאביי: the verse is needed for רבי יהודה
11. Resolutionרבא: even רבי שמעון needs the verse
12. ChallengeDoesn't אביי also accept the certain-result rule?
13. Resolutionאביי agreed only after hearing רבא
14. ChallengeWhat does אביי learn from the word 'flesh'?
15. Resolutionרב עמרם: it covers someone who intends to cut the spot
16. ChallengeWhat about a baby, who has no intention?
17. Resolutionרב משרשיא: the father has the intention
18. ChallengeLet someone else do the circumcision
19. ResolutionThere is no one else available
20. QuestionAsking for the source that late circumcision does not override a Festival
21. Responseחזקיה's source: leftover פסח meat is burned on the second morning
22. Responseאביי's source: only the day's own offerings are brought
23. Responseרבא's source: "that alone" excludes late circumcision
24. Responseרב אשי: יום טוב has both a positive and a negative מצוה
25. Statementרב rules like רבי עקיבא on preparations for מילה
26. StatementThe same rule and ruling for the קרבן פסח
27. ResolutionWhy the מילה ruling alone would not be enough
28. ResolutionWhy the פסח ruling alone would not have been enough
29. StatementNew משנה: all the needs of the circumcision itself are done on Shabbat
30. StatementIf the cumin was not ground or the wine and oil were not mixed before Shabbat
31. StatementNo pouch may be made, but a rag may be wrapped and carried on the finger