Shabbos 146b

שבת קמ״ו ע״ב

Shabbat 146b

Learn Shabbos 146b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Holes and spouts in wine barrels on שבת, felt cloths, and a new משנה on cooling, warming, and drying wet clothes

Overview

This amud covers several short שבת topics, mostly about wine barrels, and then begins a new משנה. First, the הלכה follows the יש אומרים: you may not even widen an existing hole in a barrel. Reopening an old sealed hole is allowed only if the hole was for straining the wine. רב חסדא and רבא disagree about which holes count as straining, and אביי supports רבא with a ברייתא about sealed doorways. Next, רב and שמואל argue about putting a reed spout into a barrel. The argument is only about a reed that was cut before שבת but never fitted, and the הלכה follows רבי יאשיה, who permits it. Then come short discussions of sealing a hole with oil, using a myrtle leaf as a spout, and wearing felt cloths, where the גמרא shows that רב actually permitted the felt. A new משנה then allows cooling food and water, warming water in the sun, and drying wet clothes in private. The amud ends with רב's rule that something forbidden because of מראית העין is forbidden even in private, and the start of a statement by רב הונא that continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (44)

1. ResolutionWhy the יש אומרים forbid widening a hole
2. ConclusionThe הלכה follows the יש אומרים
3. StatementReopening an old hole is allowed only if it was made for straining
4. QuestionWhat counts as straining and what counts as reinforcing?
5. Responseרב חסדא: it depends on the wine level
6. Responseרבא: only a hole below the sediment is for reinforcing
7. Proofאביי brings a ברייתא about sealed doorways to support רבא
8. Statementרב and שמואל argue about inserting a reed
9. StatementWhere רב and שמואל agree
10. ConclusionThe real dispute: a reed cut but never fitted
11. ProofAn older dispute that matches רב and שמואל
12. QuestionWhat is רבי יאשיה lenient about?
13. RejectionHe cannot be talking about the first or last case
14. ResponseThey argue about a cut reed that was never fitted
15. ConclusionThe הלכה follows רבי יאשיה
16. Statementרב and שמואל argue about sealing a hole with oil
17. ResponseThe reasoning behind each side
18. ChallengeDid רב really forbid oil?
19. Statementשמואל forbids using a myrtle leaf as a spout
20. QuestionWhy is the myrtle leaf forbidden?
21. Responseרב יימר: a decree because of a real spout
22. Responseרב אשי: a decree in case he cuts a leaf
23. QuestionWhat difference do the two reasons make?
24. ResponseThe difference: leaves already cut and set aside
25. Statementרב and שמואל argue about felt cloths
26. StatementThe dispute is only about medium felt
27. StatementDoes it look like carrying a burden?
28. Statementרב never said this outright
29. StatementThe story: רב would not sit on the felt
30. RejectionThe wrong conclusion and the real reason
31. QuestionWho were those rabbis?
32. ResponseThey were רב כהנא and רב אסי
33. Statementמשנה: keeping food and water cool or warm
34. Statementמשנה: clothes that fell into water
35. ChallengeIsn't the first rule obvious?
36. ResolutionWe might have feared leveling holes
37. ChallengeWhy teach that good water may be put into bad water?
38. ResolutionThe clause is there because of the next clause
39. ChallengeCold water in the sun also seems obvious
40. ResolutionNo decree out of fear of wrapping the water in hot ashes
41. StatementWhat is forbidden for appearance is forbidden even in private
42. ChallengeOur משנה forbids drying only in public
43. ResolutionA dispute between תנאים: רב follows רבי אלעזר and רבי שמעון
44. Statementרב הונא begins a new statement