Shabbos 147a

שבת קמ״ז ע״א

Shabbat 147a

Learn Shabbos 147a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Garments on שבת (shaking, carrying, folding) and the משנה on bathing and healing

Overview

This amud covers several laws about clothing and the body on שבת. First, the גמרא rules that shaking dust off a cloak can count as laundering, but only for a new, black garment whose owner cares about keeping it clean. Two stories, with רב יהודה and with רב יוסף, show that people who are not particular may shake their garments. Next, רבי יוחנן and a ברייתא rule that a folded cloak resting on the shoulder is carrying, not wearing, while a scarf draped on the shoulders is permitted even without a thread tied to the finger. The גמרא then discusses folding a garment: רב פפא rules that a fold made to gather the garment up is forbidden, while a fold made for appearance is allowed. Three versions of a story about רבי and his cloak show that great sages treated wearing both sides on the shoulder as carrying. A new משנה then teaches rules about drying with towels after bathing, and which body treatments are allowed or forbidden on שבת. The גמרא begins explaining the משנה: the cave water is hot, and bathing in it is acceptable only after the fact. The inference introduced by מכלל continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (35)

1. StatementShaking a cloak on שבת brings a חטאת
2. StatementFirst limit: only new garments
3. StatementSecond limit: only black garments
4. StatementThird limit: only when the owner cares
5. Challengeעולא objects to the rabbis of Pumbedita
6. Resolutionרב יהודה: we are not particular, so keep shaking
7. Questionאביי hesitates to hand over a wet hat
8. Responseרב יוסף: shake and throw it, we don't care
9. Statementרבי יוחנן: a folded cloak on the shoulder counts as carrying
10. ProofA ברייתא supports רבי יוחנן
11. ConclusionNot just merchants: everyone is liable
12. StatementA shopkeeper carrying coins tied in his cloak is liable
13. StatementRunners may wear scarves on their shoulders
14. ProofThe story of הורקנוס and the thread on his finger
15. ConclusionThe הלכה: no thread is needed
16. Questionעולא is asked about making a spout-fold on שבת
17. Responseעולא answers that it is forbidden
18. QuestionWhat exactly is a spout-fold?
19. Responseרבי זירא: Babylonian pockets
20. Questionרבי ירמיה shows two folds and both are forbidden
21. Conclusionרב פפא's rule: gathering is forbidden, looking nice is allowed
22. Proofרב שישא folded his cloak for beauty
23. Statementרב דימי's story: רבי's cloak on his shoulder
24. Challengeיהושע בן זירוז cites רבי מאיר's strict view
25. Conclusionרבי is surprised and lowers his cloak
26. Statementרבין's version: a different questioner and רבי עקיבא
27. Rejectionרב שמואל בר רב יהודה: רבי was only asked
28. Statementמשנה: one who dried with many towels may not carry them
29. StatementTen people sharing one towel may carry it
30. StatementOil and gentle rubbing allowed, hard massage and scraping not
31. StatementNo entering the muddy river and no vomit-inducing drug
32. StatementNo straightening a baby's body and no setting a broken bone
33. StatementDislocated limb: no cold-water treatment, but normal washing is fine
34. StatementCave water in the משנה is hot water, like מי טבריא
35. StatementBathing is acceptable after the fact but not from the start