Shabbos 35b

שבת ל״ה ע״ב

Shabbat 35b

Learn Shabbos 35b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Twilight, signs for the start of שבת, and the שופר blasts on ערב שבת

Overview

This amud first finishes the earlier discussion of רבי יהודה and רבי יוסי on בין השמשות: for eating תרומה we follow רבי יוסי's later twilight. שמואל then gives a star-count rule: one star means day, two means בין השמשות, and three means night. A ברייתא supports this rule, and רבי יוסי adds that only medium-sized stars count. רבי יוסי ברבי זבידא shows that a person who does מלאכה during both twilights of שבת is חייב חטאת either way. רבא gives his servant simple signs for when to light the candles, including signs from nature for a cloudy day. Two ברייתות describe the six שופר blasts sounded on ערב שבת, and the גמרא discusses the Babylonian custom and corrects רב יהודה's teaching to follow רבי נתן. רבי יוסי בר חנינא's claim that one may still light after the six blasts is rejected, because the חזן simply left his שופר on his roof. This leads to a question about whether a שופר may be moved on שבת, and the discussion continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (28)

1. Resolutionרבי יוסי's twilight applies to eating תרומה
2. Statementשמואל's star-count rule for day, twilight, and night
3. ProofA ברייתא teaches the same star rule
4. StatementOnly medium-sized stars count
5. StatementWork during both twilights makes one liable either way
6. Statementרבא's simple sign for lighting שבת candles
7. QuestionWhat to do on a cloudy day
8. ResponseRoosters, ravens, or plants as evening signs
9. StatementSix שופר blasts on ערב שבת: the first two
10. StatementWhat the third blast is for: a dispute
11. StatementA short pause, then the final blasts and שבת begins
12. StatementThe Babylonian blast custom
13. ChallengeThat only adds up to five blasts
14. ResolutionCorrected version of the Babylonian custom
15. Statementרב יהודה teaches that the second blast is for lighting
16. ChallengeThis matches neither רבי נתן nor רבי יהודה הנשיא
17. ResolutionCorrection: the third blast is for lighting, like רבי נתן
18. Statementדבי רבי ישמעאל: the first blast ends field work
19. StatementThe second blast closes the stores
20. StatementThe third blast and the final set
21. Statementרבי יוסי בר חנינא: one may still light after six blasts
22. ProofProof: the חזן had time to bring his שופר home
23. RejectionObjection: that would make the time different for everyone
24. RejectionThe חזן hid his שופר on his roof
25. ChallengeA ברייתא says a שופר may be moved
26. ResolutionAn individual's שופר versus a community's שופר
27. QuestionWhat use does a private שופר have on שבת
28. ResponseA שופר can be used to give water