Shabbos 36b

שבת ל״ו ע״ב

Shabbat 36b

Learn Shabbos 36b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 36b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

The end of פרק במה מדליקין, and the opening of פרק כירה: when may a pot sit on a stove (כירה) on שבת, and what does the משנה's 'לא יתן' mean?

Overview

This amud opens with the last line of an earlier discussion: knowing the correct name of בבל matters for writing a valid גט. Then the הדרן closes פרק במה מדליקין, and a new chapter begins with a משנה about a כירה (stove) on שבת. If the stove was heated with straw or stubble, a pot may be put on it. If it was heated with גפת or wood, the coals must first be swept out (גרוף) or covered with ashes (קטום). The משנה adds two מחלוקות between בית שמאי and בית הלל: hot water versus a cooked dish, and whether a pot that was taken off may be put back. The גמרא asks whether 'לא יתן' limits only putting a pot back on שבת (חזרה), as חנניה would hold, or also leaving it on from before שבת (שהייה). It tries to prove the answer from the fact that the משנה has two separate disputes. If the משנה were about returning, the second dispute would be a needless repeat, so the proof leans toward the שהייה reading. The גמרא examines this proof further on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (12)

1. ConclusionWhy the name of Babylon matters: for divorce documents
2. Conclusionהדרן: closing the chapter במה מדליקין
3. Statementמשנה: placing a pot on a stove depends on the fuel
4. Statementמשנה: hot water versus cooked food
5. Statementמשנה: removing a pot and returning it
6. QuestionThe question, first side: does 'may not place' mean only 'may not return'?
7. QuestionThe first side matches the view of חנניה
8. QuestionThe question, second side: 'may not place' means 'may not leave'
9. ProofThe משנה has two separate disputes
10. ProofIf the משנה is about leaving, everything fits
11. ProofReading the משנה as being about returning
12. ChallengeWhy would the second dispute be needed?