Gemara Clarity

Shabbos 37a

שבת ל״ז ע״א

Shabbat 37a

Learn Shabbos 37a step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 37a in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Leaving versus returning food on a כירה on שבת, leaning a pot against an unswept stove, and a covered stove that flared up again.

Overview

The גמרא asks whether the first clause of the כירה משנה is about leaving food on the stove (לשהות) or putting it back (להחזיר). It turns back a proof for לשהות by saying the משנה has missing words (חסורי מחסרא). It then turns back רבי חלבו's rule ('on top, not inside') as a proof for להחזיר, because that rule may refer to the סיפא. A ברייתא in which רבי מאיר and רבי יהודה report בית שמאי and בית הלל differently seems to favor לשהות. The גמרא answers that the משנה can still be about returning if our תנא agrees with רבי יהודה on one point and disagrees on another. The question is defended but never decided. Next the גמרא asks whether one may lean a pot against an unswept stove. After two proofs are pushed off and one push-off is challenged, a ברייתא rules that leaning is allowed and only leaving on top needs a swept or covered stove. The amud ends with רב אושעיא's rule: on a covered stove that flared up again, fully cooked food may be left.

Opening lines

לְעוֹלָם אֵימָא לָךְ לְהַחֲזִיר תְּנַן,

Really, I can tell you: we learned 'to return,'

וְחַסּוֹרֵי מִיחַסְּרָא וְהָכִי קָתָנֵי:

and the text is missing words, and this is what it teaches:

כִּירָה שֶׁהִסִּיקוּהָ בְּקַשׁ וּבִגְבָבָא —

A stove that was heated with straw or stubble —

מַחֲזִירִין עָלֶיהָ תַּבְשִׁיל,

one may return cooked food onto it;

The steps (17)

  1. RejectionRejecting the earlier proof by filling in missing words in the משנה
  2. RejectionThe returning law is itself a dispute
  3. ProofProof from רבי חלבו: on top is allowed, inside is forbidden
  4. Rejectionרבי חלבו was talking about the end of the משנה
  5. ProofA ברייתא on two adjoining stoves: רבי מאיר and רבי יהודה
  6. ProofThe leaving reading fits רבי יהודה
  7. ChallengeThe returning reading fits neither רבי מאיר nor רבי יהודה
  8. ResolutionThe משנה is about returning, and its תנא partly agrees with רבי יהודה
  9. QuestionMay one lean a pot against an unswept stove?
  10. ProofProof from two stoves joined together
  11. RejectionThe joined stoves case is different because the pot is raised up
  12. ProofProof from רב חייא's teaching about a stove that reignited
  13. RejectionLeaning was listed only to go along with leaving
  14. ChallengeWhy the comparison to taking food off does not work
  15. QuestionWhat is the final ruling?
  16. ResponseA ברייתא allows leaning against any stove
  17. StatementA covered stove that flared up again