Shabbos 91b

שבת צ״א ע״ב

Shabbat 91b

Learn Shabbos 91b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

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Topic

Carrying in stages through an אסקופה (threshold) and the dispute over אגד כלי, whether a container joins its contents

Overview

This amud opens at the end of a proof that the measure for שבת is a כזית, based on the law of יוצא. The גמרא rejects the proof because the timing of the two cases is different. Next, אביי explains why the משנה needs to say that bringing an item back inside cancels its special status: the owner threw it into a storehouse, even though he still knows where it lies. A new משנה then teaches that someone who rests food on the אסקופה partway through carrying it out is פטור. It also teaches that a basket only partly carried out makes no one liable. The גמרא shows that the אסקופה must be a כרמלית, so the משנה disagrees with בן עזאי. חזקיה and רבי יוחנן then argue about אגד כלי, whether a container joins its contents into one unit. רבי זירא finds the משנה's wording hard for both views, and each אמורא resolves it his own way. Finally, חזקיה is defended against a ברייתא about a peddler's basket. רבי יוחנן is challenged from a case of stealing a purse on שבת, and that challenge continues on the next amud.

Opening lines

The steps (29)

1. ProofProving the measure from consecrated meat that left the courtyard
2. RejectionThe comparison fails because the timing is different
3. StatementQuoting the משנה about bringing the item back in
4. ChallengeIsn't this rule obvious?
5. Resolutionאביי: he threw it into a storehouse, and he knows where it landed
6. ResolutionWhy the rule is needed: throwing it in cancels its status
7. StatementNew משנה: carrying food out in two stages via the threshold
8. StatementA basket that is only partly outside
9. QuestionWhat kind of domain is this threshold?
10. ChallengeIf the threshold is a public domain, why is he exempt?
11. ResponseSuggesting the threshold is a private domain
12. ChallengeIf it is private, the second stage should make him liable
13. ResolutionThe threshold is a כרמלית
14. ConclusionThe משנה does not follow בן עזאי
15. Statementחזקיה limits the basket rule to long produce
16. Statementרבי יוחנן exempts even mustard seeds
17. Challengeרבי זירא: the משנה's wording fits neither view
18. ChallengeThe end of the משנה goes against חזקיה
19. ChallengeThe middle of the משנה goes against רבי יוחנן
20. ChallengeThe two inferences contradict each other
21. ResolutionEach אמורא resolves the משנה his own way
22. Resolutionחזקיה's reading: the whole-basket rule is only for long produce
23. Resolutionרבי יוחנן's reading: even all the fruit outside is exempt
24. ChallengeThe peddler's basket challenges חזקיה
25. Resolutionחזקיה answers: the basket holds long stalks
26. Challengeרב ביבי brings the case of stealing a purse on שבת
27. ChallengeIf a container binds its contents, the theft should come first
28. ResolutionThe purse was dragged out bottom-first
29. ChallengeBut the seam could still give access