Shabbos 97b

שבת צ״ז ע״ב

Shabbat 97b

Learn Shabbos 97b step by step: Aramaic beside English, every question, answer and proof colour-coded.

Open Shabbos 97b in Gemara Clarity

Topic

Liability for a תולדה done together with its אב, and the role of intention when throwing on שבת

Overview

On the previous amud, רב יהודה said in שמואל's name that רבי obligates two liabilities when one act involves both הוצאה (an אב) and הכנסה (its תולדה). The גמרא asks how this can be, since רבי counts exactly thirty-nine מלאכות from a פסוק. רב יוסף answers that the statement was really taught on רבי יהודה's view, in a case where an object is thrown from רשות היחיד into רשות הרבים and travels four אמות there. The גמרא then tests whether רבי יהודה obligates two in that case. Each proof is pushed off: the throwing case may be about קלוטה כמה שהונחה, and the weaving case of שובט and מדקדק may be about whether they are אבות or תולדות. רבה and רב יוסף settle it: רבי יהודה obligates only one. רבינא and רב אשי then discuss how a thrower's intended landing spot affects liability. The גמרא applies this to throwing farther or shorter than intended, and questions the comparison to writing שם from שמעון. The amud ends with a new ברייתא about throwing between two public domains with a private domain in the middle.

Opening lines

The steps (19)

1. QuestionDoes רבי really give liability for a sub-category done with its main category?
2. Challengeרבי counts exactly thirty-nine labors from a verse
3. Resolutionרב יוסף: the ruling belongs to רבי יהודה, not רבי
4. Proofברייתא: רבי יהודה holds the thrower liable
5. Statementשמואל: רבי יהודה obligates two sin-offerings
6. ProofWhy שמואל's reading must be two
7. RejectionMaybe רבי יהודה obligates only one after all
8. RejectionThe dispute is about whether an object in the air counts as landed
9. ProofProof from lining up and beating threads
10. RejectionMaybe they argue only whether these are primary categories
11. ProofThe word 'adds' shows שובט and מדקדק are main categories
12. Conclusionרבה and רב יוסף: רבי יהודה obligates only one
13. Challengeרבינא: How could he be liable twice if he wanted only one landing spot?
14. Resolutionרב אשי: He said 'let it land wherever it lands'
15. StatementObvious: intending eight and throwing four makes him liable
16. QuestionThe question: intending four and throwing eight
17. ResponseThis is רבינא's question, and רב אשי already answered it
18. ChallengeThe comparison to writing שם from שמעון does not hold
19. StatementThrowing between two public domains through a private domain